Blood Safety & Blood Donor Motivation

1. Blood Safety & Blood Donor Motivation

2. BLOOD Facts • Blood flows everywhere through out the human body. • One cannot live without it. • The heart pumps blood to all the cells, supplying them with oxygen and food. • Blood also carries proteins and cell fragments called platelets that let blood clot where there has been an injury.

3. Did You Know? • 350ml of blood can save as many as three lives. • Even with all of today’s technology, there is no substitute of blood. • The beneficiary is usually in state of emergency and can not make an appeal • The act gives you a sense of satisfaction and binds you to your society Someone has to give blood in order for someone to receive blood.

4. Fact Sheet -1 • In Jharkhand the need of blood is approximately 3 lakh units. • Approximately not even 1% of the eligible population in Jharkhand donates blood. • Approximately 10% of regular donors donate only ONCE in a year. If they donate just two times per year the shortage could be managed.

5. Fact sheet -2 • A person has 5 - 6 litres of blood in their body. • A person can donate blood after an interval of every 90 days (3 months). • Body recovers the Blood very quickly: • Blood plasma volume– within 24 - 48 hours • Red Blood Cells – in about 3 weeks • Platelets & White Blood Cells – 2 to 3 Days

6. Some Reasons to Donate Blood Blood is always needed for, • accident victims • cancer patients • blood disorder patients • surgery patients • Pre-mature, pre term babies • and many others……. • 1 of out 10 hospital patients needs a blood transfusion

7. Blood Bank’s Primary Concern - • Safety of Blood Donor & Blood Recipient (patient) because “Safe Blood” gives life, “Unsafe blood” gives infections • To ensure “Blood Safety”, • Strict “Donor Screening” at the Camp • “Testing” of collected blood • “Safe Storage” of collected blood up to 35 days. • Strict “cross-matching” of blood samples to ensure safe transfusion to patient

8. Pre-Donation information • Blood is taken ONLY from Voluntary Donors • Using sterile, disposable blood bags & • instruments • Donated Blood is tested and stored • It is safe to donate every 3 months • It is quick and safe. • It doesn’t hurt. • It can save up to 3 lives.

9. Procedure for Voluntary Blood Donation Pre-Donation: • Donor Screening • Donor Eligibility criteria • Deferral Criteria (Donor Consent Form) • Medical examination including Hb estimation Blood Donation: • Blood donation procedure Post donation • Rest for 15 minutes, advice & light refreshment • Donor Certificate, Donor card and Thanks.

10. 1. Donor Screening • Safe Donorselectioninvolves – • Identification of low risk populations • Donor education and recruitment • Encouraging self deferral based on “Deferral Criteria” • Medical Examination before donation • Voluntary Non-remunerated Repeat Donor (VNRD) is safest

11. 2. Donor Eligibility Criteria • Who can donate? • Age: 18 - 65 years • Weight : > 45 kgs • Hemoglobin level: 12. gms and above • In good health Wt > 45 Kg

12. 3. Deferral CriteriaWho CANNOT donate?

13. 3. Deferral Criteria…(Donor Consent Form) Postponedonation for6 months if you have risk factors for HIV/AIDS • Having sex with more than one partner • Having sex with any unknown partner • Intravenous drug abuse • Having sex with a person who could have the above risk factors

14. 3. Deferral Criteria…(Donor Consent Form) Female donors cannot donate blood…… • During pregnancy • After delivery for one year • When lactating • During menstrual period

15. 4. Medical Examination at camp • Blood test for: • Blood grouping • Hemoglobin • Blood pressure • Pulse • General physical examination

16. 5. Blood Donation ProcedureRemember! The Donor Must …. • have had good rest / sleep • have had light meal • be mentally prepared

17. 5. Blood Donation ProcedureVolume of blood collection

18. Post Donation Advice • Drink lots of fluids for next 24 hours • Avoid smoking for one hour & alcohol till after a meal • Avoid highly strenuous exercises & games for a day • If it bleeds, apply pressure & reapply band-aid. The bruise is due to blood seeping into the surrounding tissue. It will take a few days to get reabsorbed. • Remove band-aid after 4 hours

19. 6. Testing at Blood Bank for Transfusion Transmissible Infections (TTIs) Blood collected at the BDC is screened using highest quality screening tests for 5 TTIs • HIV • Hepatitis B • Hepatitis C • VDRL (syphilis) • Malaria

20. Counselling for “Reactive” donors If a blood sample tests positive for any TTI, then…. • Tests are repeated in duplicate • Complete confidentiality is maintained about the test results • only the donor is informed, counseled & encouraged for further testing • Referrals to health experts are provided along with follow-ups

21. Blood collected is screened for TTIs (infections) & if SAFE, is separated into components & stored for issue to patients. Whole blood For Exchange Transfusion in Babies Accident Victims Complicated Delivery cases Some specific surgeries Blood Components Red Cells (for anemia) Fresh Frozen Plasma (for clotting disorders, burns) Platelets/Platelet rich plasma (for cancer, dengue etc) Cryoprecipitate (for clotting disorders) 7. Blood Products / Components & their uses

22. What can YOU do? • Make Blood Donation a HABIT • Donate regularly – every 3 months to commemorate special days like birthdays, anniversaries …. • Motivate others to donate • Refer your friends and relatives

23. Benefits to Donor of blood donation Health benefits: Regular donation (2-3 times a year….) • Lowers cholesterol • Lowers lipid levels • Decreases incidence of heart attacks, strokes Donor is also eligible to receive one FREE unit of blood if needed for • Self • Spouse/ Child/ Parents, and • Even friends