DS KM3NeT WP8 NCSR “D”, Erlangen, INFN, IN2P3 Objectives

1. KM3NeT GA Pylos 15-17 April 2007 DS KM3NeT WP8NCSR “D”, Erlangen, INFN, IN2P3Objectives Ion Siotis NCSR “D” Monitoring and interfacing with processes that run concurrently with the DS Study and report on funding models and suggest appropriate actions. Study and report on legal issues and suggest appropriate actions. Study and report on Governance issues and suggest on appropriate actions.

2. DS KM3NeT WP8 i)Monitoring and interfacing with processes that run concurrently with the DS ESFRI October 2006 ESFRI >> first European Roadmap for new, large-scale R I s 3 large scale projects in the field of Astronomy, Astrophysics and Astroparticle Physics, at various stages of development. All 3 have ongoing DS SKA Square Kilometre Array “The international radio telescope of the 21st century” Australia, Canada, China, Germany, India, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Maturity: Phase B/C for S&E; Phase B for Siting, Institutional and Financial Timing:Construction 2010-2014 phase1; 2014-2020 full array; 2020 onwards full operation Budget:Preparatory 140,Construction 1250,Yearly 100 Probable site Australia Ion Siotis WP8

3. DS KM3NeT WP8 ELT Extremely Large Telescope 50-100m optical - infrared. Coordinated by ESO Maturity:Phase A/B for S&E, phase B/C for Institutional (ESO) and Financial Timing:Design 2006-2009;Construction 2010-2017, operation 2018 Budget:Preparatory 100,Construction 750,Yearly 40 KM3NeT European deep sea neutrino telescope with a volume of at least one cubic kilometre. Maturity:Phase C for Sc&Eng.; phase A/B for Institutional and Financial Timing:Design 2006-2009; Construction phase 2010-2012 Budget:Preparatory 20, Construction 200,Yearly ??? Ion Siotis WP8

4. DS KM3NeT WP8 ASPERA FP6 ERANET for Astroparticle Physics.Launched July 2006 Network of 16 national funding agencies in Europe responsible for funding Astroparticle physics research Neutrino Telescopy is one of several fields included in ASPERA's brief however KM3NeT is the only Astroparticle Physics RI that has gone past twoimportant milestones on the road towards full realization e.g. • an ongoing Design Study funded by FP6 • a place on the ESFRI Roadmap Ion Siotis WP8

5. DS KM3NeT WP8 KM3NeT>>> test case for the effectiveness of the ASPERA funding agency coordination activities in the next three years. >>>>>> KM3NeTshould pay special attention and cooperate as closely as possible with the ASPERA network of funding agencies. Contrary to the ad hoc nature of ApPEC, ASPERA is an FP6 ERANET project with a clear mission to contribute to the construction of the ERA. ASPERA >>>> Roadmap for Astroparticle Physics in Europe (based on existing ApPEC draft)complemented by suggestions for implementation. >>>> ASPERA activities are closely related to WP8. First ASPERA roadmap meeting in Valencia , November 2006. Ion Siotis WP8

6. DS KM3NeT WP8 New RIs in FP7 FP7 adopted in the summer of 2006 (see Uli KATZ PP presentation) The Preparatory Phase will consist of tasks focussing on: a) Strategy development b) Technical work (e.g. final prototypes) c) Governance and Logistics d) Financial engineering e) Legal issues Except for b) very similar to DS WP8 (Resource Exploration) Aim: to check the commitment of the Member States and reach a (Draft) agreement between Member States and stakeholders for the construction. To be followed by the implementation phase i.e. the actual construction Ion Siotis WP8

7. DS KM3NeT WP8 For implementation phase i) ensure that the construction and operation of the RI should be included in the National Programmes, ii) where appropriate one should seek synergies with funding through European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and iii) possible European Investment Bank(EIB) long term financing through loans inconjunction with the Risk Sharing Finance Facility ( RSFF) should be explored. Ion Siotis WP8

8. DS KM3NeT WP8 Range of activities funded by ERDF in the area of R&D Public and private R&D Infrastructure ( incl. Science and Technology Parks ) R&D equipment and instrumentation Training of R&D personnel Establishment of public and private R&D Institutions, Centres and Services Support to creation of technology enterprises Not necessarily tied to actual siting of infrastructure Ion Siotis WP8

9. DS KM3NeT WP8 ii) Study and report on funding models and suggest appropriate actions Present: Direct FP7 funding is not likely to exceed about 7 Meuro of which a substantial fraction will be dedicated to non technical work. Construction of KM3NeT will thus be funded by a combination of: National funds (with or without ERDF contribution) International (non EU) funds Possibly long term finance provided by the EIB with help from FP7 RSFF Future: Mid term review of FP7 (2010) may lead to extra funds for RIs Ion Siotis WP8

10. DS KM3NeT WP8 and the PP proposal Large content overlap between DS WP8 and PP, mainly between WP8 and WPB, WPC, WPD One year time overlap >>>2009 PP WPB Political convergence PP WPC Legal, governance, financial engineering and site issues PP WPD Strategic Issues and International Networking Ion Siotis WP8

11. DS KM3NeT WP8 and the PP proposal PP WPB Political convergence Up to now, bottom-up initiatives in Europe for new research facilities of Pan-European dimension have been severely hampered and delayed by the lack of adequate models for collaborative variable-geometry approaches, for both the construction phase of a new facility (which can last several years) and the operation phase during the full lifetime of the facility (which can extend over decades). The establishment of the European Strategy Forum for Research Infrastructures (ESFRI) represents a first step in overcoming these difficulties. Following the ESFRI focus on ‘the complex phase of informal policy discussions preceding decisions on major infrastructures’ it is now necessary to move forward by adopting a more formal approach The objective of this WP is to ensure such a formal, co-ordinated, approach at a high political level by providing all the necessary, up to date, background information and administrative support for a continuousconsultation process between the relevant national authorities. The outcome of this co-ordination will provide a basis for decisions at European level. Ion Siotis WP8

12. DS KM3NeT WP8 and the PP proposal WPC Legal, governance, financial engineering and site issues Taking note that As has already become apparent through the work carried out in the Design Study the major challenge will be to reconcile national and regional political and financial priorities with the scientific and technological considerations that may bear on the key decision concerning the choice of site for the KM3NeT infrastructure. Such potential conflicts are by no means unique to KM3NeT and are not restricted to the European context in which major research funding is still a national rather than a federal prerogative. Ultimately such issues must be resolved at a political level Ion Siotis WP8

13. DS KM3NeT WP8 and the PP proposal WPC cont “…….. the overall objective of WPC (as well as WPD and WPE) is to provide all necessary input to WPB“Political Convergence” in order to reach a positive outcome and thereby to bring to a fruitful conclusion the related WP8 “Resource Exploration” of the FP6 “Design Study for KM3NeT”…..” In this WP we introduce a new dimension compared to the DS “….For example large single site facilities or distributed site facilities will require different legal forms and governance models. The need for such "tailor made" options also arises from the nature of the available financial instruments (international, EU, national, regional, private, cash or in kind)….” Ion Siotis WP8

14. DS KM3NeT WP8 and the PP proposal WPC cont New dimension. PP considers 2 options i)single technology and management platform, single all purpose detector ii) single technology and management platform, distributed specialized detectors WPC deals with the legal, governance and financial aspects of these options and WPD deals with the scientific aspects Ion Siotis WP8

15. DS KM3NeT WP8 and the PP proposal WPDStrategic issues and International networking Evaluate the physics sensitivity, optimum energy ranges, technological implications and time-scale issues related, e.g., to the option of a distributed infrastructure or specific funding profiles; Assess issues related to the extendability of the KM3NeT infrastructure; Explore and foster the possibility of additional funding and/or manpower resources from countries not currently involved in the KM3NeT design study. Ion Siotis WP8

16. DS KM3NeT WP8 and the PP proposal WPD cont Comparison of physics capabilities and sensitivity between i)single technology and management platform, single all purpose detector and ii)single technology and management platform, distributed, specialised detectors In both WPC and WPD we refer to a single technology and management platform this aspect of KM3NeT is NOT NEGOTIABLE !!! It is also site independent Ion Siotis WP8

17. DS KM3NeT WP8 and the PP proposal >>>> CDR and TDR of DS MUST comply with this imperative It is not clear that the DS is converging towards such a single technology platform. PROPOSAL Set up asap in DS KM3NeT “external” Technology Review Committee Possible membership Neptune/Orion community for subsea technology IceCube/Baikal for PM/electronics/integration/production Ion Siotis WP8