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What Is Biotechnology?!?

What Is Biotechnology?!?. Biotechnology :. The manipulation of any living system for the purpose of producing a useful product or solving a problem. Definition Continued:. Multidisciplinary science with many powerful applications and great potential for future discoveries.

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What Is Biotechnology?!?

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  1. What Is Biotechnology?!?

  2. Biotechnology: • The manipulation of any living system for the purpose of producing a useful product or solving a problem.

  3. Definition Continued: • Multidisciplinary science with many powerful applications and great potential for future discoveries

  4. Brief Biotech History 8000 BC Humans domesticate crops and livestock (trait selection) 4000 BC Yeast used to brew beer & make bread

  5. Biotech History Cont. 100 AD First insecticide-Powdered Chrysanthemums 1590-1675 Cells Discovered

  6. Biotech History Cont. 1830 Proteins & Enzymes Discovered 1835 Cell Theory

  7. Biotech History Cont. 1857 Pasteur proposed microbes cause fermentation 1865 Mendel & His Peas (cross-breeding)

  8. Biotech History Cont. 1919 Word “biotechnology” first seen in print 1928 Penicillin Discovered Biotechnology

  9. Biotech History Cont. 1930 Plant breeding patented 1953 Watson & Crick’s Double Helix

  10. Biotech History Cont. 1961 1st biopesticide registered (Bt-bacillus thuringiensis) 1963 New wheat varieties increase yields by 70%!!!

  11. Biotech History Cont. 1970s 1st restriction enzyme used to cut DNA 1st complete synthesis of a gene Recombinant DNA or rDNA DNA sequencing Guidelines for recombinant DNA Recombinant DNA-artificially splicing pieces of DNA together, usually using specialized enzymes, a necessary step for genetic engineering DNA Sequencing-laboratory technique for determining the nucleotide sequence (ATGC) or arrangement in a segment of DNA

  12. Biotech History Cont. 1980 Oil-eating microorganisms patented by Exxon 1982 1st Biotech Drug Approved= Human Insulin from GM Bacteria

  13. Biotech History Cont. 1986 1st GE Vaccine-Hepatitis B 1st GE Anti-Cancer Drug-Interferon 1987 Field Tests Start-GE Foods 1990 Bt Corn Human Genome Project Started Chymosin (biotech substance) approved for cheese

  14. Biotech History Cont. 1993 BIO formed=Biotechnology Industry Organization Bovine Somatotropin approved to increase milk production 1994 1st GE Whole Food Approved FlavrSavr Tomato

  15. Biotech History Cont. 1996-7 1st weed & insect resistant crops for sale Hello Dolly! 1st cloned animal in Scotland

  16. Biotech History Cont. 2000 “Golden Rice” technology available for developing countries 2001 First complete map of genome-Rice Human Genome Draft published

  17. Biotech History Cont. 2003 YieldGuard Plus corn-fights both corn borer & rootworm 2004 GM Pet-GloFish DNA-based product tracing system for pork and beef

  18. ONLY THE BEGINNING….

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