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African Kingdoms

African Kingdoms. Mali. Mansa Musa Sudiata Gold. 750 C.E. North Africans. Became part of the Islamic Empire, converted to Islam, & shared Arabic culture. Early Societies of Africa.

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African Kingdoms

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  1. African Kingdoms

  2. Mali • Mansa Musa • Sudiata • Gold

  3. 750 C.E. North Africans • Became part of the Islamic Empire, converted to Islam, & shared Arabic culture.

  4. Early Societies of Africa • African societies south of the Sahara were isolated & missed out on the cultural diffusion of the Classical Era.

  5. Sub-Saharan Africa • Most societies lived in farming villages in family-based clans. • Few societies had written languages; Histories were shared orally by storytellers (griots) • Made iron tools

  6. Sub Saharan People • Characteristics of Africa Polytheistic Animism: a religion in which spirits exist in nature & play a role in daily life

  7. Over the course of 4,000 years, Bantu peoples of central Africa migrated south in search of farmland These Bantu migrations helped spread new farming & ironworking techniques.

  8. Indian Ocean trade network & were shaped by cultural diffusion: • East Africa The Kingdom of Askum traded with Persia, India, Arabia and Rome; Askum became a Christian kingdom

  9. East Africa Arab merchants introduced Islam to East African trade cities. -Mix of African & Arab cultures led to a new language called Swahili -Towns had mosques and were ruled by a Muslim sultan -However, many still kept their traditional religious beliefs.

  10. The Islamic Empire

  11. Five Pillars of Islam

  12. Caliph • After Muhammad died in 632 C.E., the Muslim community elected a new leader called a caliph (“successor”) • The first 4 caliphs all knew Muhammad & promised to stay true to the Qur’an and Muhammad’s Message.

  13. The Umayyad Empire • After Ali caliph dies Civil War breaks out. • Umayyad rise to power.

  14. Abbasids overthrow the Umayyad EmpireSpread trade across Africa, Indian Ocean and Mediterranean Sea

  15. Tang & Song

  16. Classical China • The Silk Road trade route brought Chinese luxury goods to Europe & Asia. It also increased cultural diffusion.

  17. Tang & Song • “Golden Age” • Became the richest, most powerful & most advanced country in the world.

  18. Tang & Song • Emperors did their best to try and protect the routes along the Silk Road. • Chinese merchants relied on ocean routes as well to trade with India & Arabia. • Increased trade led to the spread of culture (centralized gov’t, Confucianism & writing) to Korea, Japan and Southeast Asia.

  19. Emperors begin encouraging foreign trade

  20. Innovations • 1. Mechanical Clock • 2. Magnetic compass • 3. Gunpowder • 4. Printing Press • 5. Paper money • 6. Chinese writing • 7. Ship building • 8. Vaccination • 9. Silk weaving • 10. Porcelain

  21. Mongols

  22. Ming Dynasty

  23. Zheng He • He had better ships & traveled farther than any European explorers would for 100 years. • He led 7 different expeditions.

  24. Chinese Isolation • Chinese leaders unexpectedly ended the expeditions & retreated into isolationism. • Official policy was to keep the influence of outsiders to a minimum. • Isolated for the next 300 years.

  25. Incas

  26. Aztecs

  27. Aztecs

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