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The Logistic Requirements for Wave Field Measurement

The Logistic Requirements for Wave Field Measurement. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Chia Chuen Kao Director, Coastal Ocean Monitoring Center, National Cheng Kung University Dr. Laurence Zsu-Hsin Chuang Deputy Director, Coastal Ocean Monitoring Center, National Cheng Kung University Dr. Beng-Chun Lee

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The Logistic Requirements for Wave Field Measurement

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  1. The Logistic Requirements for Wave Field Measurement Prof. Dr.-Ing. Chia Chuen Kao Director, Coastal Ocean Monitoring Center, National Cheng Kung University Dr. Laurence Zsu-Hsin Chuang Deputy Director, Coastal Ocean Monitoring Center, National Cheng Kung University Dr. Beng-Chun Lee Director, Marine Meteorology Center, Central Weather Bureau

  2. Purposes of Wave Observation • for the calibration and validation of wave models • for the determination of local wave climate • for the scientific research of marine phenomena • provide"real time"data for the port operations, engineering constructions and disaster prevention, etc. • provide “Ground Truth” for the calibration of satellite data

  3. Wave Measurements in the Field • In-situ methods • pressure sensor • resistance gauge • two-axis current meter • acoustic gauge • data buoy • Remote sensing techniques • nautical radar • altimeter • Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) • scatterometer provide an extensive set of ocean surface data and will be the trend of wave measurement in the future.

  4. The selection of tools depends on the • Purposes real-time / archives data • Budget affordability • Observation duration research / operational • Environment adjustability water depth / wave / wind / current

  5. In-Situ Methods

  6. Operational Ocean Monitoring System • Coastal Hydrological Monitoring Networkaround Taiwan includes • pile stations • data buoys • tidal stations • coastal meteorological stations • The systems applied to the Network are fully designed, developed, and constructed by COMC. • Data Buoyis the main equipment for offshore measurement

  7. Data Transmission System • Data are transmitted real-time by : — UHF radio telemetry — Satellite telecommunication

  8. Data Quality Control (QC) System • " It is more risky to utilize erroneous data than none". • COMC data QC system consists of automatic and manual procedures, • automated data qualitymethods according to NDBC/NOAA criteria are adopted and revised their local validity. • Experienced data analysts are responsible for the manual check of data quality. • The Data Quality Control System has been developing, modifying, and operating as a routine work at COMC for some years.

  9. Maintenance System • Experienced team is essential to carry out the maintenance works. • Maintenance and inspection are necessary in regular base due to harsh marine environment. • In-site inspection– every three months • Buoy retrieval for buoy hull refurbishment and sensorcalibration – each year • Quick response to system malfunction to guarantee the minimum data loss. • Permitted recover time shore station- 1 week offshore station- 2 weeks (depends on sea state)

  10. Oceanographic Database System • COMC database includes : • wind • wave • barometric pressure • air and water temperature • tide • COMC offers archives data as well as real-time data • COMC is willing to provide technical support for the international data exchange and associated services providing the mutual agreement between countries has been achieved

  11. Concluding Remarks • To provide long-term and high-quality data, an in-situ operational ocean monitoring system should adequately integrate • structures • mooring • sensors • data acquisitionandcontrol • data processing and analysis • data transmission • power • auxiliary sub-systems • The most important logistic requirement for wave measurement is anexperienced and disciplinary team • COMC is willing to offer technical services for meteorological and oceanographic measurement in the Far East region

  12. Data Buoy and Pile Station  For long-term operational measurement - data buoy, pile station Measuring items Wave Wind Barometric pressure Air temperature Water temperature Tide Current Water quality(if needed)

  13. Location of Data Buoys (by 2003) South China Sea Vietnam (Spratly Is.) Malaysia

  14. Sketch of COMC Data Buoy  COMC buoy has proven its reliability andsurvival ability in the harsh environment especiallyin typhoons.

  15. Significant Wave Height During Typhoon AMBER

  16. Data Flow of Monitoring System

  17. Nan-Sha Wave Observation  Location (10o21’00” N,14o22’05” E) at the offshore area of the T'ai-P'ing Tao(Itu-Aba Island) in the NAN-SHA CH'ÜN-TAO(Spratly Islands),South China Sea  Deployed in April 1999  Operated by COMC  Data transmission through Inmarsat

  18. Significant wave heightObserved by Nan-Sha Buoy

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