SOCAT

1. WWW.BJERKNES.UIB.NO SOCAT Are Olsen1,Benjamin Pfeil1, Dorothee Bakker2, Maria Hood3, Nicolas Metzl4, Christopher Sabine5, Alex Kozyr6 Surface Ocean CO2 ATlas 1Bjerknes Centre & UGOT, 2Univ. East Anglia, 3IOCCP, 4LOCEAN, 5PMEL, 6CDIAC

2. SOCAT GOAL • Prepare a open accessible uniform format and quality controlled global surface ocean CO2 data base • Two products: • A 2nd level quality controlled global surface ocean fCO2 data set • a gridded SOCAT product of monthly surface water fCO2 means, on a 1ox1o grid with no temporal or spatial interpolation – i.e. bin averages.

3. SOCAT History 2001 2005 2007 ORFIOS CARBOOCEAN Bakker & Dittert starts putting all available pCO2 data together in a uniform format Pfeil and Olsen continues SOCAT SOCOVV SOLAS SOLAS/IMBER CARBON group meeting at ICDC7 3 WGs appointed, WG1: Metzl, “..organise avaliability of present and future data in a single center.”

4. SOCAT History 2001 2005 2007 ORFIOS CARBOOCEAN Bakker & Dittert starts putting all available pCO2 data together in a uniform format Pfeil and Olsen continues SOCAT SOCOVV SOLAS SOLAS/IMBER CARBON group meeting at ICDC7 3 WGs appointed, WG1: Metzl, “..organise avaliability of present and future data in a single center.” We are here

5. SOCAT ORGANISATION Global Focal Point Bakker (Chair), Metzl, Olsen, Pfeil, Sabine Regional Groups INDIAN Sarma COASTAL Borges Chen SOUTHERN Tilbrook Metzl PACIFIC Feely Nojiri ATLANTIC Schuster Lefevre

6. SOCAT ORGANISATION Whip-in Hood Global Focal Point Bakker (Chair), Metzl, Olsen, Pfeil, Sabine Regional Groups INDIAN Sarma COASTAL Borges Chen SOUTHERN Tilbrook Metzl PACIFIC Feely Nojiri ATLANTIC Schuster Lefevre

7. SOCAT ORGANISATION Whip-in Hood Global Focal Point Bakker (Chair), Metzl, Olsen, Pfeil, Sabine Live Access Server Hankin,Malczyk Regional Groups INDIAN Sarma COASTAL Borges Chen SOUTHERN Tilbrook Metzl PACIFIC Feely Nojiri ATLANTIC Schuster Lefevre

8. SOCAT DATA SOCAT contains all publically available data + data contributed under the explicit condition that they will not be released untill September 2009 – Jena ICDC 8 conference Data have been downloaded from webpages, e.g. CDIAC and submitted after request 44% US and Canada 36% Europe 18% Japan 1.5% Australia Most PIs have been very willing to share their data, this is very appreciated. Rik W largest contributor, 450 cruises, 21.5%.

9. Growth of SOCAT Agree on Sept 2009 embargo + Maria request PIs to submit data SOCAT contains almost 10e6 data points, almost 7e6 with surface CO2, divided over 2000 cruises.

10. Growth of SOCAT Status April 2007

11. Growth of SOCAT Status June 2008

12. Growth of SOCAT Status Sept 2008

13. Spatial Distribution Count 300.000 200.000 150.000 100.000 50.000 0

14. Temporal Distribution 1968-2008

15. SOFAR in SOCAT • We have learnt how to work with 2000 cruise data files • File formats have been uniformed • EXPOCODES have been assigned (ship code + sailing date) • Metadata have been collected and organised • ETOPO2 bottom depths, NCEP/NCAR atm. pressures and WOA salinities have been added to each data point • fCO2 has been computed/recomputed from 13 different • reported surface CO2 parameters using a single set of equations • Fully transparent process, every step can be checked, no data have been lost

16. To Come in SOCAT Data will be reviewed and QC’d by regional groups Each cruise will be assigned a “Wanninkhof Flag”, WF • (A) A good cruise • -followed approved methods/SoP criteria • -metadata documentation complete • -2ndary QC preformed and deemed acceptable • (B) An acceptable cruise • -followed approved methods/SoP criteria • -metadata documentation complete • -no 2ndary QC could be preformed because data were obtained in a region or time where no other data were available for comparison • (C) An acceptable cruise • -did not follow approved methods/SoP criteria • -metadata documentation complete • -2ndary QC preformed and deemed acceptable • (D) Undocumented data • -inadequate information about methods/procedures • -metadata documentation incomplete (F for failure) Failed QC checks (do not show in dataset) (N) Not yet QC’d

17. SOCAT Quality Checks Reviewed at the SOCAT 2nd technical meeting, Paris June this year, report available at IOCCP home pages Comparison of cruises: Comparison through MLR Crossover checks Other: Compare atmospheric xCO2 data with GLOBALVIEW Evaluate key variables (DT) Calculate ship speed- geography Evaluate temperature normalised fCO2 USE Live Access Server (LAS) at PMEL for data access and QC Trace each change using SUBVERSION – Pfeil Friday

18. Time Table 2007 Initiated at SOCOVV 2008 Follow up technical meeting 2009 September, present at ICDC 8 Jena Jan 2009, Coastal Group meets in Kiel March 2009, Pacific/Indian/Southern Ocean groups meets in Tsukuba May/June 2009, Atlantic group meeting

19. SUMMARY • SOCAT appears to become a VERY comprehensive surface ocean fCO2 database • It is also a very comprehensive surface T&S database • People have been very generous with their data • Contains almost 7e6 surface ocean fCO2 observations • The data will be expert reviewed and each cruise will carry a quality flag • All steps are transparent and traceable • 1st version planned release, Sept. 2009. Plans are to regularly update SOCAT in the future, how to practically organise this is not yet entirely clear.