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Protein Nutrition

Protein Nutrition. Dan Morrical Iowa State University 515-294-0847 morrical@iastate.edu. What is Protein. Amino acid chain What is AA polypeptide that contains N Essential and non essential methionine and lysine. Protein Uses. Milk Growth Wool Maintenance

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Protein Nutrition

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  1. Protein Nutrition Dan Morrical Iowa State University 515-294-0847 morrical@iastate.edu

  2. What is Protein Amino acid chain What is AA polypeptide that contains N Essential and non essential methionine and lysine

  3. Protein Uses Milk Growth Wool Maintenance Metabolic Fecal Nitrogen Dermal Loss Endogenous Urinary Protein

  4. Protein Requirements Expressed as Crude Protein because CP = 6.25 X % N example would be alfalfa hay 18.8% crude protein = 3% N

  5. Protein Requirements Varies with Stage of production Level of production Composition of lamb gain Ewes 9-15 Lambs 11-20

  6. Protein Sources Intake protein Microbial protein

  7. Intake Protein Undegraded (UIP) Degraded (DIP)

  8. Intake Protein Ingredient % CP %UIP Corn 7.5 40 Alfalfa hay 14-22 15 SBM 43 40 CGM 60 60 DDG/S 27 62 Blood meal 83.7 80 Urea 281 0

  9. Value of Protein Sources for UDP UIP Conc. % Grass Pasture 6-20 10 2 Alfalfa Hay 16-24 15 2.7 Dehydrated Alfalfa 16-18 20 3.4 Corn 8.5 40 3.6 SBM 44, Solvent 44 25 11 SBM 44, Expeller 43 50 21.5 CGM 60 40 24 Blood Meal 85 80 68 Fish Meal 60 40-80 24-48 % CP % UIP

  10. Intake Protein Quality Urea versus SBM Quality is determined by how well the AA composition matches animal needs. Biological value

  11. Microbial Protein Quality Biological Value .66

  12. Microbial Protein Yield TDN intake x .13 40-80 % total protein Rumen N requirement 9% CP diet

  13. Maximizing Microbial Protein Yield Energy: Protein Ratio 50% 7.8 65% 9.8 80% 12.1 TDN Concentration % CP .13 lbs microbial crude protein/lb TDN

  14. Protein Nutrition Why do we care? Deficiency reduces production depressed forage digestion Excess increases main., $$$$$ and environment

  15. NPN Precautions <1/3 of total protein intake must have fermentable energy increases need for S

  16. Using information Protein needs with Alfalfa hay versus corn stalk Corn stalks always need supplemental protein Alfalfa hay seldom needs supplemental protein

  17. Iowa Hay Quality Survey Hay typeCrude proteinTDN Grass Ave. Range Ave. Range 1st cut 11.6 (6-20) 55.7 (47-67) all others 15.2 (12-19.7) 61.8 (57-70) Mixed 1st 13.9 (8-22) 56.1 (41-69) 2nd 16.8 (10-22) 59.6 (47-70) 3rd 18.3 (11-23) 62.4 (49-73) Legumes 1st 16.9 (10-22) 56.7 (48-69) 2nd 18.3 (14-22) 57.7 (45-68) 3rd 19.9 (13-23) 59.4 (47-70)

  18. New Sheep NRC Protein Requirements set based off of % UIP More UIP the lower the total protein requirement

  19. Using information Very high producing animals may need escape protein. ex. Ewes rearing triplets Economics escape protein is expensive Is extra production worth cost?

  20. Ewe Alfalfa WthayCorn 150 5.0 2.5 175 5.8 2.5 200 7.0 2.0 225 7.75 1.75 250 9.0 1.25 Hay is: Premium grade 22% CP 60% TDN 175 RFV Full fed No weight loss Example lactation rations8 pound yield

  21. 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 .37 .52 .66 .83 .83 .93 .93 1.10 Energy and Protein vs. Yield M i l k Y i e l d 2.35 TDN 1.86 TDN 1.28 TDN Protein Intake

  22. Milk Yield Results from Additional Protein Protein Added Urea .29 0 Nutmeal .88 0 Soybean Meal .88 0 Meat & Bone Meal .88 0 Lineseed Meal 1.32 0 Fish Meal 1.32 .55 Blood Meal 1.32 .74 145 lb. ewes rearing twins fed base diet 2.67 TDN 11.6% CP Gonzalez et al. 1982 Protein Source .18 lbs. .44 lbs.

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