1.5

1. Multiplying Whole Numbers and Area 1.5

2. Multiplication 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 5 ∙ 4 = 20 5 fours factor product Multiplication is repeated addition with a different notation.

3. Multiplication Property of 0 The product of 0 and any number is 0. 9  0 = 0 0  6 = 0

4. Multiplication Property of 1 The product of 1 and any number is that same number. 9  1 = 9 1  6 = 6

5. Commutative Property of Multiplication Changing the order of two factors does not change their product. 6 • 3 = 18 and 3 •6 = 18

6. Associative Property of Multiplication Changing the grouping of factors does not change their product. 5 • ( 2 • 3) = 5 • 6 = 30 and (5 • 2) • 3 = 10 • 3 = 30

7. Distributive Property Multiplication distributes over addition. 5(3 + 4) = 5 • 3 + 5 • 4

8. Area 1 square inch 1 1 5 inches 3 inches Area of a rectangle = length  width = (5 inches)(3 inches) = 15 square inches

9. Helpful Hint 5 inches Perimeter = 5 inches + 4 inches + 5 inches + 4 inches = 18 inches Rectangle 4 inches Remember that perimeter(distance around a plane figure) is measured in units. Area (space enclosed by a plane figure) is measured in square units. Area = (5 inches)(4 inches) = 20 square inches

10. There are several words or phrases that indicate the operation of multiplication. Some of these are as follows: Multiplication Words