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Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg. St. Petersburg is the second largest city in Russia and one of the most beautiful cities in the world. It was founded in 1703 by Peter he Great as the "Window on Europe. St. Petersburg was the capital of Russia from 1712 till 1918.

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Saint Petersburg

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  1. Saint Petersburg

  2. St. Petersburg is the second largest city in Russia and one of the most beautiful cities in the world. It was founded in 1703 by Peter he Great as the "Window on Europe. St. Petersburg was the capital of Russia from 1712 till 1918. The city was built on the swampy land at the mouth of the River Neva. Prominent European and Russian architects worked here. The new capital grew rapidly in wealth and beauty.

  3. Now St. Petersburg is an industrial, cultural and scientific centre. There are over 80 museums, more than 40 theatres, a lot of exhibitions, clubs, universities, colleges, schools and parks. The Alexandrinski Drama Theatre, the Bolshoi Drama Theatre, the Mariinsky Theatre of Opera and Ballet are pearls of the Russian art.

  4. The streets and squares in St. Petersburg are very beautiful. Nevsky Prospect is the main street of the city, where there are amazing buildings, shops, hotels and the remarkable Kazan Cathedral (by Voronikhin) with a colonnade and monuments to M. Kutuzov and Barclay de Tolli.

  5. The Church of the Saviour on the blood is situated in the centre of St.Petersburg, not far from the banks of Neva.It is one of the few surviving memorial buildings dating to the late 19th to early 20th centuries. It was built on the site where Tsar Alexander ll was wounded on March 1881.The unusual design and decoration of the Chirch is a good reason to consider the building one of the most interesting architectural and artistic monuments in St. Petersburg.

  6. Here in the prospect you can see the magnificent building of the Admiralty (by Zakharov) and the ensemble of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Famous Russian writers, painters, composers and actors were buried in the Lavra.

  7. Majestic palaces, cathedrals, churches and other buildings, built by famous architects, such as: palaces of Stroganov, Menshikov, Anichkov, and St. Isaac's Cathedral, erected by Montferrand, decorate St. Petersburg.

  8. The foundation of the colossal St. Isaak`s cathedral produced many problems because of the soft soil. The construction of the cathedral lasted forty years and was finished in 1858. The French architect Monferrand erected the 101.5 meter building. The interior space of it reaches 4000 square meters.

  9. The most famous square in the city is the Palace Square with its magnificent ensemble. Here one can see the Winter Palace built by Rastrelli. Till the revolution it was the residence of the Russian csars. Now the Winter Palace and four other buildings are occupied by the Hermitage, It is one of the oldest art museums in Russia. It has 365 rooms and more than 2.7 million various exhibits. It is the largest art museum in our country and one of the most famous art museums in the whole world. There one can see masterpieces of outstanding artists: Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Rembrandt,Velazquez and other unique works of art.

  10. In St. Petersburg there are a lot of parks and gardens where citizens spend their free time. The Summer Garden is the oldest and most fascinating park. Rare trees, bushes and flowers grow there. Beautiful marble statues made by Italian sculptors and a famous cast iron grille decorate the Summer Garden. There is a bronze monument to the prominent Russian writer of fables Ivan Krylov (by sculptor Klodt) in the Summer Garden.

  11. The Russian Museum is located in the Mikhailovsky Palace, designed by Rossi. Marvellous paintings by the famous Russian artists: Tropinin, Repin, Bryullov, Fedotov, Surikov, Serov; the works of sculptors: Rastrelli, Shubin, Antokolsky are exhibited here.

  12. St. Petersburg is famous for its magnificent architectural ensembles of the 18th and 19th centuries. The city began with the Peter and Paul Fortress built to protect the Neva banks from Swedish invasion. The walls of Peter and Paul Fortress are up to 20 metres and the heightf the walls are from 10 to 12 metres. The fortress was never at war. It served as a political prison till 1917. In the centre of the fortress there is Peter and Paul cathedral and Russian tsars were buried in it. Now it is a museum.

  13. The city is often called the Venice of the North because there are 90 rivers and canals with artistically decorated cast iron bridges. One of the most beautiful is the Anichkov Bridge. It was named by the name of the officer Anichkov, who drew up the plan of the bridge. In the 19th century it was decorated with 4 sculpture groups “Taming of the horse” created by the sculptor Clodt. They have become the symbol of our city.

  14. The Blue Bridge is the widest bridge in St.Petersburg and sometimes claimed to be the widest bridge in the worl. It is 97.3 meters wide. The bridge's name dates from the 19th century tradition of color- coding the bridges crossing the Moika River. Today only four colored bridges survive, they are The Red Bridge, The Green Bridge, TheBlue Bridge, and The Yellow Bridge. Three of them kept their original names, while the Yellow Bridgehas been renamed to Pevchesky Bridge.

  15. The Zoological Museum of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences is a Russian museum devoted to zoology. It is located on Universitetskaya Embankment. It's one of the ten largest nature history museums in the world. At the beginning it was a part of Kunstkamera.

  16. The famous cruizer”Avora”was made in 1900. The cruiser took part in many battles where it was damaged and captured by Japanese. It was returned back to Russia as the sign of the respect for the courage of the crew. Now it is a part of the Naval Museum. The cruiser “Avora” became one of the many tourist attractions of Leningrad(St.Petersburg) and continued to be a symbol of the October Socialist Revolution and prominent attribute of Russian history.

  17. A classic symbol of St.Petersburg, the Bronze Horseman Statue is in the centre of Senate Square. fThe "Bronze Horseman," was created by the famous French sculptor Falconets From the top, Peter shows the way to the West for Russia, while his horse steps on a snake, which represents the enemies of Peter and his reforms.of the fAccording to legend, enemy forces would never capture St. Petersburg while the "Bronze Horseman" still stood as protector.  During World War II the statute was protected with sand bags and a wooden shelter and survived intact.Senate and Synod - was created by the famous French sculptor Falconet was created by the famous French sculptor Falconet

  18. Victory Square is named after the Soviet victory in the Great Patriotic War. It is located in the very end of Moskovsky Prospekt near Pulkovo Airport . Victory Square is home to the Monument to the Heroic Defenders of Leningrad, which commemorates the victims and survivors of the Siege of Leningrad, known as the Blockade of Leningrad. The monument, designed by Sergey Speranskiy and Valentin Kamenskiy, and sculpted by Mikhail Anikushin, was erected in 1975 .

  19. ST. PETERSBURG QUIZ • Do you know much about St Petersburg? Answer the questions below and find out. •  1) Saint Petersburg is located on ………. • A. the B. the Volga River C. the Oka River • 2) From 1924 to 1991 the city's name was ………. • A. Petrograd B. Leningrad C. Ekaterinburg • 3) St Petersburg was founded by in ………. • A. 1603 B. 1703 C. 1803 • 4) Peter moved the capital from Moscow to Saint Petersburg in …… • A. 1612 B. 1705 C. 1712

  20. 5) Saint Petersburg ceased being the capital in ………. • A. 1818 B. 1918 C. 1988 • 6) Saint Petersburg is sometimes referred to as ………. • A. the northern capital B. the southern capital C. the western capital • 7) During , Leningrad was besieged by and . The siege lasted ………. • A. 712 days B. 872 days C. 982 days • 8) The highest building in St Petersburg is ………. • A. the Hermitage B. St Isaac’s Cathedral C.

  21. 9) The of The Bronze Horseman is situated in ………. • A. B. Trinity Square C. Square 10) The largest museum of St Petersburg is ……… A. the Museum B. the C. The Zoological Museum 11) The main street in the city of . is ………. A. Nevsky Prospekt B.C. • 12) The Church of the Saviour on the Blood is almost the only surviving monument dedicated to ………. • A. Peter the Great B. Nicholas II C. Alexander II

  22. 13) Peter the Great is buried in ………. ………. • A. Peter and Paul Cathedral B. St Isaac’s Cathedral C. Kazan Cathedral • 14) Peter's museum dedicated to preserving "natural and human curiosities and rarities" is ………. • A. the Artillery Museum B. The Kunstkamera C. the Central Naval Museum • 15) The first and most famous bridge across the Fontanka River in Saint Petersburg is ………. • A. the Palace Bridge B. the Anichkov Bridge C. the Exchangebridge

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