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Naming Compounds

Naming Compounds. Ionic Compounds. The net (final) charge of the compound will be ZERO ! This means that there must be equal amounts of positive and negative charges – not necessarily always equal charges on the ions. Naming ions. Metal ions have their original name

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Naming Compounds

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  1. Naming Compounds

  2. Ionic Compounds • The net (final) charge of the compound will be ZERO! • This means that there must be equal amounts of positive and negative charges – not necessarily always equal charges on the ions.

  3. Naming ions • Metal ions have their original name • Metals with multiple oxidation numbers (possible charges) will need to include the specific oxidation number • Iron (II) or Tin (IV) • Non-metals keep the same base name, but change the ending to “ide” • Chlorine becomes chloride • Sulfur becomes sulfide

  4. Practice Naming • KCl • potassium chloride • Mg3N2 • magnesium nitride • CuI • Copper (I) iodide (copper has +1 charge) • FeO • Iron (II) oxide (iron has +2 charge)

  5. Writing Chemical Formulas • Total Charge must equal zero • If there is only one of the atom, not subscript number is given - NaCl • Formulas are typically written in reduced form (H2O not H12O6) • Shortcut – sometimes you can simple take the ion charges and put them as the subscripts of the other elements • Fe+3 + O-2 -> Fe2O3

  6. Practice Writing Formulas • magnesium chloride • Mg+2 + Cl -1 -> MgCl2 • sodium phosphide • Na+1 + P-3 -> Na3P • barium nitride • Ba+2 + N-3 -> Ba3N2 • copper (II) iodide • Cu+2 + I-1 -> CuI2

  7. Polyatomic Ion Names • Ammonium NH4+1 • Sulfate SO4-2 • Carbonate CO3-2 • Nitrate NO3-1 • Chlorate ClO3-1 • Cyanide CN-1 • Bicarbonate HCO3-1 • Hydroxide OH-1 • Peroxide O2-2 • Phosphate PO4-3

  8. Naming with Polyatomic Ions • Metals are named as usual • Polyatomic ions use their specific names • NO3 – nitrate • NO2 – nitrite • OH – hydroxide • SO4 – sulfate • Name simply combines ion names • MgSO4 is magnesium sulfate • If more than one polyatomic ion is needed, it is put in parenthesis and given a subscript • Mg(OH) is magnesium hydroxide (two hydroxides needed)

  9. Practice Writing Names with Polyatomic Ions • KClO3 • potassium chlorate • Mg(NO3)2 • magnesium nitrate • Na2SO3 • sodium sulfite • Fe2(CO3)3 • Iron (III) carbonate (iron has +3 charge)

  10. Practice Writing Formulas • magnesium phosphate • Mg+2 + PO4-3 -> Mg3(PO4)2 • sodium peroxide • Na+1 + O2-2 -> Na2O2 • ammonium nitride • NH4+1 + N-3 -> (NH4)3N • copper (II) hydroxide • Cu+2 + OH-1 -> Cu(OH)2

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