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The Equine Muscular System

The Equine Muscular System. Equine Science. Muscles. Function: Provide movement Active organs of motion Contract or change shape when stimulated One or more nerves bring commands AND send signals Red flesh Make up about 50% of total body weight. Types of Muscles. Smooth (Involuntary)

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The Equine Muscular System

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  1. The Equine Muscular System Equine Science

  2. Muscles • Function: • Provide movement • Active organs of motion • Contract or change shape when stimulated • One or more nerves bring commands AND send signals • Red flesh • Make up about 50% of total body weight

  3. Types of Muscles • Smooth (Involuntary) • Cardiac (Involuntary Striated) • Skeletal (Striated)

  4. Smooth Muscle • Also called visceral muscle • Location: • Digestive system • Uterus • Capable of prolonged periods of activity • Peristalsis: wavelike contractions of digestive system muscles • Contraction is involuntary

  5. Cardiac Muscle • Location: ONLY found in the heart • Requires NO nerve stimulus • Requires NO conscious control • Rate of contraction controlled by the nervous system

  6. Skeletal Muscle • Move the body voluntarily • Usually attached to the bony levers of the skeleton • Utilizes tendons to transmit the pull of the muscle • Permits several muscles to attach at one point • Generally arranged in pairs • Become fatigued and require rest

  7. Skeletal Muscle • Extensor: extends a joint and brings bones into alignment • Flexor: bends the joint • Some muscles can act as both • Opposed muscles act successively

  8. Tendons • Strong, cordlike structure that transmits the pull of the muscle as it contracts • Tendon Sheath: synovial sac through which a tendon passes • Tendon Bursa: synovial sac between the tendon and the surface over which it passes in a change of direction • Both secrete synovia for lubrication • Both usually found near joints

  9. Five Major Functional Muscle Groups • Forearms: allow for smooth gait and absorb shock • Quadriceps: (hindquarters) used for propulsion • Pectorals: carrying space for lungs • Back: support riders or packs • Stomach: hold organs in place

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