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Symbiosis

Symbiosis. Symbiosis. Living closely together A partnership Two different species. Animal Kingdom Examples. Nile crocodile & crocodile bird Hermit crab & sea anemone Buffalo & oxpecker Shark & remora fish. Hermit Crab & Sea Anemone. Hermit crab Protection from the Sea anemone

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Symbiosis

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  1. Symbiosis

  2. Symbiosis • Living closely together • A partnership • Two different species

  3. Animal Kingdom Examples • Nile crocodile & crocodile bird • Hermit crab & sea anemone • Buffalo & oxpecker • Shark & remora fish

  4. Hermit Crab & Sea Anemone • Hermit crab • Protection from the Sea anemone • Sea anemone • Gets leftover food http://www.ms-starship.com/sciencenew/symbiosis.htm

  5. Buffalo & Oxpecker • Buffalo • Lets the bird eat • Oxpecker • Eats ticks and other parasites off skin • Warns buffalo of danger http://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/enemies/partners.html

  6. Lichen • Slow growing plants • Partnership: fungi & algae • Neither could live alone

  7. Relationships • Commensalism • Mutualism • Parasitism

  8. What are the different kinds of symbiosis? Mutualism Both Organisms benefit Commensalism one organism benefits one organism is unaffected Parasitism one organism benefits one organism is harmed

  9. Crocodile & Bird • Nile crocodile • Usually eats animals • Allows bird to walk around its mouth • Crocodile bird • Cleans parasites in croc’s teeth • Removes and eats scraps of food • Eats harmful leeches and parasites

  10. Mutualism • Both organisms derive mutual benefit • Intimate and obligatory • Neither can survive without the other • Tickbirds and rhinos • Clownfish & sea anemone

  11. Example:Moray Eel with Cleaner Fish Mutualism: both benefit Moray Eel gets a clean mouth Cleaner Fish gets a meal

  12. Example • Bees get food • Flowers get pollinated

  13. Example:Clown fish with anemone Clown fish gets protection Anemone eats fish predators Mutualism: both benefit

  14. ExampleAntelope with Oxbird Antelope gets rid of parasites Oxbird gets a meal Mutualism: both benefit

  15. Commensalism • “eating together at the same table” • Only one member benefits • sharing space, defense, shelter, food • Neither will die if relationship is ended • Shrimp & sea cucumber http://www.ms-starship.com/sciencenew/symbiosis.htm

  16. Example:Cattle with cattle egrets Cattle stir up insects as they eat grassEgrets hang around and eat insects Commensalism: one benefits, one is unaffected

  17. Example: Commensalism • Birds nesting in a tree

  18. Certain species of millipede and silverfish inhabit the nests of army ants and live by scavenging on the refuse of their hosts, but without affecting the ants.

  19. Parasitism • Not symbiotic • Causes harm to host

  20. Example:Taenia worm in human eye Worm infects human blood streamHuman may go blind Parasitism: one benefits, one is harmed

  21. ONE EXAMPLE OF PARISITISM • Ticks on a deer.

  22. Example: Parasitism • Female mosquito uses human blood to develop eggs • Human gets an ichy bite!

  23. Some video examples • Use the worksheet to make predictions about the relationships between the animal pairs. • As we watch the video fill in the worksheet. • http://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/lessons/symbiotic-strategies/video-segments/1496/

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