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Forms of Transhuman Persons and The Importance of Prior Resolution of Relevant Law

Forms of Transhuman Persons and The Importance of Prior Resolution of Relevant Law. A Comparison with the Law of Outer Space Martine Rothblatt, Martine@terasemweb.org. Definitions of Transhuman. Dictionaries Websters: “superhuman”

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Forms of Transhuman Persons and The Importance of Prior Resolution of Relevant Law

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  1. Forms of Transhuman Persons and The Importance of Prior Resolution of Relevant Law A Comparison with the Law of Outer Space Martine Rothblatt, Martine@terasemweb.org martine@terasemweb.org

  2. Definitions of Transhuman • Dictionaries • Websters: “superhuman” • Wikipedia (& WTA): “intermediate form between human and post-human.” • Extropy Institute • “human seeking to become posthuman” • Terasem Movement • Transbiologically Receptive And Noetically Synthetic Human • “Noetically Synthetic” means intrinsic and/or extrinsic use of electronics for thought • “Human” depends on thoughts, not DNA martine@terasemweb.org

  3. Form v. Attitude In Definition of Transhuman Webster’s “Superhuman” Wikipedia/WTA’s “Intermediate to Posthuman” More About Form Terasem’s “Receptivity/Noetics” Extropy Institute’s “Seeking” More About Attitude martine@terasemweb.org

  4. Challenging the Definitions • Brain-enhanced nonhuman animals? • What of chimeras? • How about sideways evolution? • What of AI not at all patterned on human thoughts • Terasem definition works for all but last martine@terasemweb.org

  5. A human or organization with legal rights and duties Are transhumanized US citizens still citizens? If no renunciation or death, still a citizen Are revived persons reborn & new citizens? Can non-citizens be organized as trusts or other business forms? Title 22 U.S.C. Section 6010. ''United States person'' defined As used in this chapter, the term ''United States person'' means any United States citizen or alien admitted for permanent residence in the United States, and any corporation, partnership, or other organization organized under the laws of the United States. Definition of Persons martine@terasemweb.org

  6. 1958: First Colloquium on the Law of Outer Space Sputnik 1957 Explorer 1958 Nixon-Kruschev 1959 Little Rock 1958 martine@terasemweb.org

  7. Experts Met to Start the Field of Space Law When… • No animal had even been to orbit • Communication satellites were thought to require on-board human operators • The first damage caused by a space object was 20 years into the future Radioactive Cosmos 954 Crashed in Canada In 1978 martine@terasemweb.org

  8. When Legal Efforts Began martine@terasemweb.org

  9. Kurzweil Slide Shows Close-In of Transhuman Technology martine@terasemweb.org

  10. Kurzweil Slide Showing Transhumanization of Society martine@terasemweb.org

  11. What Did the Experts Conclude in 1958? • The age-old concept of national sovereignty over airspace had to give way to the technological reality of orbital overflight • Someone had to be legally responsible for every object placed into space -- registration, coordination & strict liability for damages martine@terasemweb.org

  12. How Did They Fare? • 1967 -- Outer Space Treaty banned sovereignty over space • 1973 -- Liability Convention specified rules for compensation due to space damage • 1976 -- Registration Convention gave legal status to space objects • 2005 -- 47th Colloquia Andrew Haley, Colloquia On Law of Outer Space Founder Stephen Gorove, Greatest Contributor To Colloquia On Law Of Outer Space martine@terasemweb.org

  13. What Might We Conclude Analogous to Our Legal Forebearers? • Age-old concepts of citizenship & death may have to give way to new techno-logical realities • Responsibility for transhuman persons will need to be regularized martine@terasemweb.org

  14. Possible Analytic Framework for Transhuman Person Law Biostasis Entity, Retains Citizenship; New Agency Law New Law of Transhuman Custodialship Dead Entity, Existing Law OK No No No Information Theory Death Community Standards Equal Protection v. ADA Y Y Y Mind Information Organized? Able to Comply With Citizenship Obligations? Entity Conscious? martine@terasemweb.org

  15. Then Should Be Ready to Grant Transhuman Citizenship • It is a big leap from genome/phenotype based citizenship • But it was just as big a leap to forswear sovereignty after centuries of “core-to-cosmos” conical sovereignty martine@terasemweb.org

  16. We Must Evolve Law with Evolving Technology… • Just as Copernicus’ theory of the Earth’s rotation numbered the days of old-school sovereignty, so does • Turing’s theory of machine consciousness number the days of old-school citizenship martine@terasemweb.org

  17. …Or Else We Will Face the Conflicts of Dysfunctional Law * Conflict Between • Humans & Transhumans • Flesh & Electronic Substrate • Can Be Avoided With Prior Legal Development martine@terasemweb.org

  18. How Might We Do in 10, 20 or 50 Years? AI Citizenship Recognize Citizenship Of DNA Humans Who Download Minds to Electronic Substrate Due To Brain Disease Social Implications Shift to Information Theory Basis of Life & Death Time It May Take martine@terasemweb.org

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