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Outline. Who am I? What is research? My Research Higher studies opportunities in Australia Getting jobs in IT industry Presented by: Muhammad Aamir Cheema , Lecturer IT at James Cook University Australia, Sydney campus. Who Am I? A Student.

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  1. Outline • Who am I? • What is research? • My Research • Higher studies opportunities in Australia • Getting jobs in IT industry Presented by: Muhammad Aamir Cheema, Lecturer IT at James Cook University Australia, Sydney campus

  2. Who Am I? A Student • BSc. Electrical Engineering UET Lahore (2001-2005) • Masters by research University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney (2005-2007) • Currently a PhD Student at UNSW Sydney • Research Area: Databases

  3. Who Am I? A Teacher • Tutor @ University of New South Wales, Sydney • Lecturer IT @ James Cook University Sydney Campus • Courses Taught: • Database Systems Implementation • Database Systems • Operating Systems and Architectures • E-Business Technologies • Portable Programming • C++

  4. What is Research? • Formally “a form of systematic enquiry that contributes to knowledge.” Is research boring and difficult??? NOT AT ALL if you like solving puzzles Informally, Research ≈ Solving Puzzles

  5. Let’s Play a Game1 Task: Find the missing number Given: Data set consists of numbers from 1 to 20 Version 1: • Numbers are not displayed on the screen Version 2: • Find the missing number from the list below 4,2,8,18,1,20,17,9,16,15,13,3,12,19,6,5,14,7,10 Version 1 is more difficult because: • No element can be seen twice • We cannot memorize all the numbers 1- Data Streams: Algorithms and Applications, S. Muthukrishnan

  6. Brute Force Solution for Version 2 4,2,8,1,10,9,5,3,6 • Is 1 missing? • Is 2 missing? • Is 3 missing? . . . Algorithm: • For each number i from 1 to n • Check whether i is missing or not Performance: Space Usage: (n-1) elements  O(n) Running Time: O(n2)

  7. Sorting: A faster solution 4,2,8,1,10,9,5,3,6 1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,10 • Sort the numbers • Scan the list to find missing number Performance: Space Storage: O(n) Running Time: sorting time + final scan nlogn + n  O(nlogn)

  8. Bucket: Even faster approach 4,2,8,1,10,9,5,3,6 Algorithm: • create an empty array of size n • For each element i in the list • Mark the element at index [ i ] • Unmarked index is the missing number Performance: Space Requirement: O(n) Running Time: O(n)

  9. Solution for Version 1??? What we have done so far: • Developed solution for Version 2 • Performance: Space Usage: O(n) Running Time: O(n) Version 1: A solution is required that • Accesses each element only once Running Time: O(n) • Memorizes only one number Space Usage: O(1) An example application: data passing through a network node (e.g; a router cannot store all the data passing through it and can see each element only once)

  10. Hint Given: numbers are from 1 to 10 Task: Nine numbers from the data are sent to user one by one, find the missing number Sum of the numbers from 1 to 10 is 55

  11. Solution Given: Numbers are from 1 to n Algorithm: • Find the sum of 1 to n numbers S=n(n+1)/2 • For each number i • S=S-i • S is missing number Performance: Space Usage: O(1) Running Time: O(n)

  12. My Research • Nearest Neighbors Problem Given a set of objects O, find k objects closest to any given query object • Objects are represented by their location coordinates Applications: • Find 5 taxis nearest to my current location • Find 3 hotels closest to Islamabad Airport

  13. A Brute Force Solution Algorithm: Let q be the query object • For each object x • Find the distance of x from q • Report the k objects with the minimum distance from q

  14. Problems with the brute force approach • Distance of all objects from the query object is to be calculated Running Time = O(n) What if all the objects are moving (e.g cars on a road)??? • To update the results, compute distance of all objects again

  15. A better solution • Compute the distance of only the objects in vicinity of the query object q How to find the objects that lie in vicinity of q? Use some spatial Index. i.e; grid index

  16. CircularTrip1 • Explore the objects around q in an iteratively increased circle • Use grid based index (visit the cells around q that intersect the circle) p1 q r p2 1- Muhammad Aamir Cheema, Yidong Yuan, Xuemin Lin,"CircularTrip: An Effective Algorithm for Continuous kNN Queries", DASFAA 2007, Thailand.

  17. Updating the result on movement of objects • Incoming objects: any non-result object p entering inside the circle • Insert p into answer list • Outgoing objects: any result object leaving the circle • delete p from answer list • Hanlde all the object updates as mentioned above • Case 1: answer list contains k or more than k objects • Keep k closest objects and discard other • Case 2: answer list contains less than k objects • Same as initial computation except the starting radius is distk p1 q distk p2

  18. Higher Studies Opportunities in Australia • Student Visa • Apply in any institution you like • Get admission letter • Take IELTS exam (you need 6 band overall) • Show bank statement • Permanent Visa • Get three year work experience in Pakistan • Take IELTS (minimum 7 band in each module) • Apply for Permanent residence (PR) visa • Go there and get education with benefits of being a citizen of Australia (e.g; more scholarship opportunities, HEC loan etc)

  19. Higher studies opportunities in Australia • Student Visa • Quick (you will not need to wait to complete 3 yrs work experience to get PR) • You become eligible for PR once you complete your degree (duration must be at least 2 years) in Australia • Permanent Visa • Less expensive (once you are citizen your chances of getting scholarship grow enormously)

  20. When Australia? • Education in Australia is not cheap but Australia is accomodating • Prefer European countries or try HEC scholarships if you are not interested in settling abroad

  21. Getting Jobs in IT industry • University degrees teach you little bit of everything • A regular student becomes “Jack of all trades but master of none” • To get good jobs, you must become “Jack of all trades AND master of ONE” Moral: Be master in at least on skill. e.g; JAVA, C++, networking, web development etc. Try to learn something about everything and everything about something

  22. Contact Information • www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~macheema • Google search “Muhammad Aamir Cheema” • macheema@cse.unsw.edu.au THANKS

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