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Highway and Traffic Engineering

Highway and Traffic Engineering. Overview of Transportation Engineering. Dr. Wael Awad, Fall 08/09. Source: Professor Jessica Guo, Wisconsin University. What is TRANSPORTATION?. A. B. Transportation. Movement of persons and goods over space. Users / Content. Engineering.

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Highway and Traffic Engineering

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  1. Highway and Traffic Engineering Overview of Transportation Engineering Dr. Wael Awad, Fall 08/09 Source: Professor Jessica Guo, Wisconsin University.

  2. What is TRANSPORTATION?

  3. A B Transportation Movement of persons and goods over space

  4. Users / Content Engineering Infrastructure Education Vehicle / Service Enforcement Transportation Control System Environment

  5. Freight Trade Energy & Raw Materials Waste disposal Local distribution Users / Content • People  Passenger Transportation • Goods  Freight Transportation Commuting Shopping Recreation Share of total passengers or tons-km Business TourismMigration Passengers Distance Source: Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, Dept. of Economics & Geography, Hofstra University.

  6. Users / Content Source: Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, Dept. of Economics & Geography, Hofstra University.

  7. Vehicles / Services

  8. Infrastructure

  9. Control System

  10. Maritime Road Rail Air Hydrogen car Maglev Container ships Electric car Jumbo Jet TGV Super tankers Jet Plane 1950 Airfoils Highways Jet engine Helicopters Buses Trucks Planes Bulk ships 1900 Tramway Automobile Liners Internal combustion engine Metro Dirigibles Bicycles Iron hulls Balloons Electric motor 1800 Steam engine Docks Omnibus Rails Locks Evolution of Transportation 2000

  11. Evolution of Transportation 1500-1840 Average speed of wagon and sail ships: 16 km/hr 1850-1930 Average speed of trains: 100 km/hr. Average speed of steamships: 25 km/hr 1950 Average speed of airplanes: 480-640 km/hr 1970 Average speed of jet planes: 800-1120 km/hr 1990 Numeric transmission: instantaneous Source: Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, Dept. of Economics & Geography, Hofstra University.

  12. Evolution of Transportation 1000 Jet Plane Road Rail 750 Maritime Air 500 HST Propeller Plane 250 Automobile 100 Rail Stage Coach 50 Liner Containership Clipper Ship 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000

  13. Contemporary Challenges

  14. Transportation • Multi-User • Multi-Scale • Multi-Modal • Multi-Impacts Transportation

  15. What is TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING?

  16. Transportation Engineering • One of the specialty areas of civil engineering • Development of facilities for the movement of goods and people • Planning, design, operation and maintenance • Multidisciplinary study

  17. Transportation Engineering

  18. Transportation Engineering “For millions of Americans, girding for gridlock is a teeth teeth-grinding daily ritual. And with more cars on the road every day, engineers and other professionals trained to reduce traffic congestion are finding plenty of job opportunities” “PAY AND PERKS: $45,000 to $150,000. Producing tangible change is a source of job satisfaction for many.” U.S. News and World Report, February 18, 2002

  19. Highways and Highway Components Highway Transportation Characteristics

  20. Outline Functional classification of roads Road functions Hierarchical structure of road networks Mobility vs. accessibility Mobility vs. transportation mode Highway components Cross-sections Highway plan and profile Interchanges Rural and urban intersections

  21. Transportation System Definition of Transportation Modes • A transportation system is an infrastructure that serves to move people and goods efficiently. The transportation system consists of fixed facilities, flow entities, and a control component. • Efficient = safe, rapid, comfortable, convenient, economical, environmentally compatible.

  22. Transportation System Major transportation subsystems • Land transportation: highway, rail • Air transportation: domestic, international • Water transportation: inland, coastal, ocean • Pipelines: oil, gas, other

  23. Highway Transportation System • Fixed facilities: roads, intersections, interchanges, service stations, etc. • Flow entities: passenger cars, buses, trucks, pedestrians, etc. • Control component: highway administration, local transportation agencies, transportation engineering.

  24. Highway Transportation Engineering • Definition The application of technology and scientific principles to the planning, functional design, operation, and management of roads, streets and highways, their networks, terminals, abutting lands, and relationships with other modes of transportation. • Areas of highway transportation engineering: • Planning of streets and highways • Geometric design of road facilities • Traffic operations and control • Traffic safety • Maintenance of road facilities and controls

  25. Mobility Accessibility Road Functions

  26. Hierarchical Structure of Road Networks Rural Urban

  27. Mobility vs. Accessibility

  28. Hierarchical Structure of Road Networks

  29. Mobility vs. Accessibility

  30. Mobility vs. Transportation Mode

  31. Mobility vs. Transportation ModeCapacity capacity in veh/h = capacity in veh/h/lane x number of lanes capacity in persons/h = capacity in veh/h x average vehicle occupancy

  32. Mobility vs. Transportation ModeCapacity Facility Vehicles/hr Persons/hr Three-lane urban freeway 2,000 x 3 = 6,000 6,000 x 1.7 = 10,200 Three-lane urban arterial 800 x 3 = 2,400 2,400 x 1.7 = 4,080 One lane of buses 100 x 1 =100 100 x 80 = 8,000 One track of light rail 19,000 One track of heavy rail 40,000

  33. Highway ComponentsCross-section

  34. Highway ComponentsHighway plan and profile

  35. Highway ComponentsUrban Intersections

  36. Highway ComponentsRural Intersections

  37. Highway Components Interchanges

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