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Chapter 8 Ionic Compounds

Chapter 8 Ionic Compounds. Define chemical bond Describe the formation of postive & negative ions. Important Vocabulary. Chemical Bond- the force that hold 2 atoms together. This may be formed by an attraction between a (+) nucleus & (-) electrons

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Chapter 8 Ionic Compounds

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  1. Chapter 8Ionic Compounds Define chemical bond Describe the formation of postive & negative ions

  2. Important Vocabulary • Chemical Bond- the force that hold 2 atoms together. • This may be formed by an attraction between a (+) nucleus & (-) electrons • Or attraction between a positive ion & a negative ion

  3. Important Vocabulary • Cation- a positively charged ion. • How does this occur? • By losing an electron • Anion- a negatively charged ion. • How does this occur? • By gaining an electron

  4. Formation of Ions • Positive ions are formed when atoms _________ electrons. • Which groups would be most likely to lose (or give up) electrons? Answer: 1A, 2A, 3A, and sometimes 4A • How are negative ions formed? Answer: when atoms gain electrons • Which groups would be most likely to gain electrons? Answers: 5A, 6A, 7A, and sometimes 4A

  5. Oxidation Numbers • How many electrons would atoms of elements in each group lose or give up? • 1A = • 2A = • 3A = • 4A = Answers: 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively

  6. Oxidation Numbers (continued) • If atoms give up the following number of electrons, what would their charge be: • 1 electron • 2 electrons • 3 electrons • 4 electrons Answers: +1, +2, +3, and +4, respectively

  7. Oxidation Numbers (continued) • How many electrons would atoms of elements in each group gain? • 5A = • 6A = • 7A = • 4A = Answers: 3, 2, 1, and 4, respectively

  8. Oxidation Numbers (continued) • If atoms gain the following number of electrons, what would their charge be: • 1 electron • 2 electrons • 3 electrons • 4 electrons Answers: -1, -2, -3, and -4, respectively

  9. Oxidation Numbers • Why is group 4A listed as gaining 4 electrons OR losing 4 electrons? • The charge on an ion is called its oxidation number. • Knowing this now, go back to your table at the beginning of your notes and fill in the oxidation number column. • What do you think the oxidation number will be for group 4A?

  10. Anion Naming • What is an anion? • A negative Ion • To designate an anion the ending –ide is added to the root name of the element. • Anion of chlorine is called the chloride ion • What is the name for the anion formed from nitrogen? • Nitride

  11. Anion Naming • If an oxygen atoms gains 2 electrons what charge will it have? And what will it’s ion be called? • Oxide ion with a charge of 2-

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