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Midieval Times

Midieval Times. Medieval Europe- 500 A.D. to 1475 A.d. Kings and queens. Lords & Ladies. Knights. Peasants & Serfs. Peasants. *Peasants worked manors *Paid to use the land and they were free and could move anytime they wanted *lived in cottages. Serfs.

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Midieval Times

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  1. Midieval Times

  2. Medieval Europe- 500 A.D. to 1475 A.d. Kings and queens Lords & Ladies Knights Peasants & Serfs

  3. Peasants *Peasants worked manors *Paid to use the land and they were free and could move anytime they wanted *lived in cottages Serfs *were not slaves (could not be sold and could not move) Text *lord protected them and they had to have permission from the lord to marry or own property *later during middle ages they could buy their freedom *lived in small one room houses

  4. Geography • Continent and Large Peninsula • Seas and Rivers made Europe safe and gave them many opportunities to trade • (Leave Space for map)

  5. Carolus Magnes • Grandfather-Charles Martel-Mayor of Palace-settled disputes, he distributed land and fought own wars • Pepin (his father) conquered Italy and gave land to people both father and son (Charlemagne) worked closely with Pope • Charles-built up empire, believed in education (made schools in palaces) AKA Charles the Great & Charlemagne • Controlled Germany and Spain that became Christian areas

  6. Charles MArtel cont. Text • Battle of Tours-Charles pushed the muslims out and christianity became the #1 religion South of France Spain North Africa Muslim

  7. Vikings from Scandinavia • known for their long boats that could handle the rough water of the Atlantic Ocean • Could Navigate through shallow waters. • First lived along fjords and later robbed villages taking anything they wanted

  8. King VS Pope Gregory (pope) King Henry IV 1.) King was mad at Pope and said he could no longer be Pope 2.) Pope excommunicated King (meant that no longer part of church and could not enter heaven) 3.) King went to Pope (barefoot in snow begging for forgiveness) 4.) Pope forgave but elected new king • sent monks to be missionaries • set up schools to educate • fed the hungry • gave weary rest • taught carpentry, weaving, new farming techniques • hospitals (care for sick) • kings could no longer appoint church officials Text

  9. LEave most of page open for shield • around the edges write “Knights code of chivalry to obey lord, to be honest, to be brave, to honor church, to help people, to show respect to women of noble birth, and to fight fairly”

  10. Cities-had government, elected own officials, building built close together and if a fire broke out the whole city was destroyed.*Cities were dirty and smelly. Threw waste in rivers. Luckily people had wells to get their drinking water.*Cities-women were allowed to live independent lives

  11. When Rome Fell • most people lived in small villages and never left, having little knowledge of the world • Because of feudalism in 1100 AD groups flourished • 1.) There was more food • 2.) enforced laws and it was safe • 3.) trade started again (areas flourished and ideas spread)

  12. Kingdoms and Crusades • Ivan III (THE GREAT FROM RUSSIA) he was a czar • William the Conquerer from Normandy • King Phillip II -from France his son was _____ • King Henry ruled from 1154-1189 AD *he established central court, lawyers, judges, who traveled hearing court cases *established common law throughout kingdom *established grand jury and trial jury

  13. King John-Magna carta • King John ruled from 1199- • raised taxes • nobles were angry and they refused to honor the king unless granted certain rights • certain rights=magna carta

  14. cont • Called great charter and took away some of King’s power • no longer could collect taxes unless group “Great council” agreed • if accused of a crime had the right of a free trial of peers • Habeas Corpus-can not be put in jail indefinately unless you had a trial • people have rights and the power of the government should be limited parliament house of lords- nobles & chief officials House of commons knights & towns people

  15. Crusades • Muslims took over Byzantine Empire • Pope gave speech to crowd to defend the Holy Land (Jerusalem) • CROWD CHEER-” IT IS THE WILL OF GOD” • Soldiers wore red crosses to show obedience to the Pope and headed East to fight

  16. crusades cont • 1st Crusade • They stormed city and took Jerusalem back • *also set up 4 outer states to help protect • 2nd Crusade-Egyptian King Saladin united Muslims and took back Jerusalem • 3rd Crusade-Total failure-truce-Saladin promised theChristians a pilgrimage to Jerusalem and he would not attack them.

  17. crusades continued • Over 10 crusades in all, and nothing changed. The muslims gained all the territory back that they won during the 1st crusade • Affected Europe: • 1.) Increased trade with middle east • 2.) broke down Feudalism

  18. Culture • 1000-1150 religious wave. Educated women became nuns. Friars which means “brother” were men who preached and had to beg to survive. • Daily Life revolved around church-Sunday people went to Mass. The church was EXTREMELY powerful many churches are named after Mary (Notre Dame-our lady) • Inquistion group-tried anyone who committed heresy (different belief than the church). If you confessed you asked for forgiveness and went back to going to church. If NO confession they tortured you until you confessed. If you still did not confess they executed you

  19. anti-semitism-hatred for Jews • Jews were persecuted (because they refused to become Christians) • Blamed the Jews for everything, mobs would attack and kill Jews, Jews had to wear special badges or clothing • Jews became money lenders & charged interest (this was considered a sin) • 1100’s Many places expelled Jews • Jews moved to different areas and thrived in their new communities that were based on the Jewish beliefs

  20. This was a wealthy time for Europe & they built many beautiful churches • University of Oxford 1096-students would study for 6 years then take an oral exam, if they studied 10 more years they got a doctrine • Thomas Aquinas-people have natural laws that government should not take away (RIGHT TO LIVE, RIGHT TO LEARN, RIGHT TO WORSHIP, RIGHT TO REPRODUCE)

  21. BLACK DEATH/100 Year War • KILLED MILLIONS OF PEOPLE-1/2 THE POPULATION. It was a bubonic plague which means they got it from fleas on rats. • 100 year war was going on and the English soldiers threw the dead soldier bodies into the city to infest the people living there (strategic Warfare) • 100 year war between English (Normady) and French-FRENCH WON • Joan of Arc (peasant) said that the saints urged them to free France. They later captured her and burned her at the stake • After the War they had a weak economy but the positive is that people had strong feelings for their country (pride & patriotism)

  22. After 100 year war. England had a tough time. People were fighting over the throne “War of the Roses” war time that nobles were fighting to become the king • Spain/Portugal (King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella)-Spanish Inquisition (Jewish people were charged with Heresy, if they were not Catholic). Next they turned to the muslims, they wanted the Peninsula. Later if Muslims did not convert they had to leave • 1300-1400’s there was a lot of war going on in Europe

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