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Paraphrasing and Summarizing

Paraphrasing and Summarizing. Deidre Lovett Lake Cormorant Middle School. What’s the difference?. Paraphrasing involves putting a passage from source material into your own words.

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Paraphrasing and Summarizing

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  1. Paraphrasing and Summarizing Deidre Lovett Lake Cormorant Middle School

  2. What’s the difference? • Paraphrasing involves putting a passage from source material into your own words. • A paraphrase must also be attributed to the original source. Paraphrased material is usually shorter than the original passage, taking a somewhat broader segment of the source and condensing it slightly.

  3. Summarizing • involves putting the main idea(s) into your own words, including only the main point(s). • Once again, it is necessary to attribute summarized ideas to the original source. Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source material.

  4. Why should I use them? • provide support for claims or add credibility to your writing • refer to work that leads up to the work you are now doing • give examples of several points of view on a subject • call attention to a position that you wish to agree or disagree with

  5. Why should I use them (cont.) • highlight a particularly striking phrase, sentence, or passage by quoting the original • distance yourself from the original by quoting it in order to cue readers that the words are not your own • expand the breadth or depth of your writing

  6. Six steps to Paraphrasing • 1. Reread the original passage until you understand its full meaning. • 2. Set the original aside, and write your paraphrase on a note card. • 3. Jot down a few words below your paraphrase to remind you later how you envision using this material. At the top of the note card, write a key word or phrase to indicate the subject of your paraphrase.

  7. Six steps to Paraphrasing (cont.) • 4. Check your rendition with the original to make sure that your version accurately expresses all the essential information in a new form. • 5. Use quotation marks to identify any unique term or phraseology you have borrowed exactly from the source. • 6. Record the source (including the page) on your note card so that you can credit it easily if you decide to incorporate the material into your paper.

  8. Summarizing • A summary is much shorter than the original text. It should communicate the main idea of the text and the main supporting points – written ‘in your own words’. – in a very brief form. It should give someone who has not read the original a clear and accurate overview of the text.

  9. Seven Steps to Summarizing • 1. Record the author, title, year of publication and source of the text. • 2. Skim the text. Note any sub-headings, or try to divide the text into sections. • 3. Read the text carefully. Use a dictionary if necessary, and be prepared to read very difficult texts more than once. • 4. Pay special attention to the first and last paragraphs. Try to identify the main idea or argument.

  10. Seven Steps to Summarizing (cont.) • Identify the topic sentence in each paragraph. • Identify the main support for the topic sentence. • Write the topic sentence of your summary. Include the author’s name, the title of the text, the year of publication and the author’s main idea or argument

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