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Understanding the Factors Supporting Female Entrepreneurs: A Cross-Country Study

GEM 2014 Annual Meeting Santiago/Chile, January 20, 2014. Understanding the Factors Supporting Female Entrepreneurs: A Cross-Country Study. Ulrike Guelich ● GEM Thailand ● Bangkok University School of Entrepreneurship & Management.

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Understanding the Factors Supporting Female Entrepreneurs: A Cross-Country Study

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  1. GEM 2014 Annual MeetingSantiago/Chile, January 20, 2014 Understanding the Factors Supporting Female Entrepreneurs: A Cross-Country Study Ulrike Guelich ● GEM Thailand ● Bangkok University School of Entrepreneurship & Management

  2. Understanding the Factors Supporting Female Entrepreneurs:A Cross-Country Study • 3 entrepreneurial phasespotential entrepreneursearly-stage business ownersestablished business owners • Specific topic: NetworksDo men and women use different networks for doing business over time in the development of their enterprises? • 3 types of economies in the cross-country studyfemale:male ratio > 1female:male ratio ~ 0.75female:male ratio < 0.5 Ulrike Guelich ● GEM Thailand ● Bangkok University School of Entrepreneurship & Management

  3. A new gender equality :networks and entrepreneurship Methodology: • Sample: 1,668 Thai entrepreneurs (GEM 2012)45.6% (760) male / 54.4% (908) female) • Differences in entrepreneurial networks? • What variables lead to the use of networks? • Three different business phases: potential, young, established • Regression analysis Data: • Dependent variable: use of entrepreneurial networks • Independent variables: gender, activity stage; control for education, age, household size, rural/urban, knowing an entrepreneur, and motivation (necessity/opportunity) • 3 groups of countries Ulrike Guelich ● GEM Thailand ● Bangkok University School of Entrepreneurship & Management

  4. Understanding the Factors Supporting Female Entrepreneurs:A Cross-Country Study Support needed from other GEM members (2011 data): • female:male ratio > 1: Nigeria, Ecuador, Mexico, Thailand+ Zambia, Namibia • female:male ratio ~ 0.75: Ethiopia, China, Malaysia, Columbia, Peru+ Taiwan, South Africa • female:male ratio < 0.5 : Denmark, Bosnia-Herzegowina, Croatia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Tunisia, Turkey, Uruguay, Korea Ulrike Guelich ● GEM Thailand ● Bangkok University School of Entrepreneurship & Management

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