1 / 18

Chapter 7 Muscular System

Chapter 7 Muscular System. HSTE II Applications of Therapeutic Services. The ability to move is an essential activity of the living human body which is made possible by the unique function of contractibility in muscles. Body Weight 50% muscle tissue Human Body 650 different muscles

urielle-salinas
Download Presentation

Chapter 7 Muscular System

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 7 Muscular System HSTE II Applications of Therapeutic Services

  2. The ability to move is an essential activity of the living human body which is made possible by the unique function of contractibility in muscles. • Body Weight • 50% muscle tissue • Human Body • 650 different muscles • 3 Main Responsibilities of the Muscular System • Body Movement • Body Form and shape, to maintain posture • Body heat, to maintain body temperature

  3. 4 Types of Muscles • Skeletal – Attach to Bones – Striated – Voluntary • Muscle cell known as: • Muscle Fiber • Smooth ( Visceral) – Spindle-Shaped – Involuntary – Walls of Internal organs • Cardiac – Heart Only – Striated – Involuntary • Sphincter or Dilator – Circular – in openings

  4. 4 Characteristics of Muscles • Contractibility: • Muscle shortens or contracts • Reduces distance between the parts of its contents • Excitability (Irritability): • Ability to respond to certain stimuli • Extensibility: • Ability to be stretched • Elasticity: • Ability to return to original length when relaxing

  5. Muscle Attachments & Functions • Muscles attached to bones for • Leverage • Muscles only pull, never push • Muscles attached to bone by • Nonelastic cords called • Tendons • Muscles attached at both ends • Origin – part of skeletal muscle attached to a Fixed Structure • Insertion - part of skeletal muscle attached to a Movable Part • Muscles arranged in pairs • Prime Mover – movement single direction • Antagonist – moves in the opposite direction • Ex. Triceps/Biceps

  6. Sources of Energy & Heat • Muscles move the body and produce heat • Need energy for this • Comes from • Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) • Found in muscle cell • Requires O2, Glucose, and other materials • Brought by the circulating blood • When stimulated – ATP released – produces heat for our bodies – and energy needed to contract • During this process – Lactic acid – by product of cell metabolism – builds up – muscle fatigue

  7. Contraction of Skeletal Muscle • 2 Major Events occur in the Movement of Muscle • Myoneural Stimulation • Contraction of Muscle Proteins • Skeletal Muscles: • Must be stimulate by Nerve Impulses to contract

  8. Muscle Fatigue • Cause • Lactic Acid Build-up • Vigorous Exercise • Blood unable to keep O2 demand • Muscles contract anaerobically • If rest, recover by increasing respirations • Otherwise • Muscle Fatigue • Muscles Cramp

  9. Muscle Tone • Muscles are always: • Slightly Contracted • Ready to Pull • Achieved by: • Proper Nutrition • Regular Exercise • Muscle Contractions: • Isotonic – Shorten – Ex. Walk, Talk, etc. • Isometric – Tension/No shortening- Tensing Abd. Muscles • Failure to Exercise Results in: • Weak/Flaccid Muscles • Atrophy of Muscles – Shrinkage • Hypertrophy: • Over exercise • Muscles Enlarged

  10. Hypertrophy • http://sites.google.com/site/musclemenbodybuilders/

  11. Principle Skeletal Muscles & How They Are Named • Pgs 128 – 135 • Most Named for: • Location • Ex. Frontalis - forehead • Size • Ex. Gluteous Maximus • Location of Origin, Insertion • Sternocleidomastoid – Origin Sternum • Action • Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

  12. How Exercise & Training Change Muscles • Alters • Size • Structure • Strength • Injured Muscles • Only regenerate to a certain degree • If extensive damage – muscle replaced by • Connective Scar Tissue

  13. Massage Muscles • Physiotherapy • HC Professionals should know proper massage techniques • Must know location of muscles • Massage is healing and relaxing • May help a pt with compliance to painful or difficult tx

  14. Electrical Stimulation • Chiropractors • PT • TEN’s Machines – Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation • ROM Exercises • Wikipedia image

  15. Intramuscular Injections • Common Sites: • Deltoid – Upper Arm • Vastus Lateralis – Anterior of Thigh • Dorsal or Ventral Gluteal Area of Buttocks

  16. Musculoskeletal Disorders • Muscle Atrophy • Strain • Muscle Spasm (Cramp) • Myalgia/Fibromyalgia • Hernia

  17. Musculoskeletal Disorders Continued • Flatfeet (Talipes) • Tetanus • Torticollis (Wry Neck) • Muscular Dystrophy • Myasthenia Gravis (Grave muscle weakness)

  18. Injuries to Muscles • Tennis Elbow • Shin Splints • Rotator Cuff Disease

More Related