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ANDES “ Agua Negra Deep Experiment Site ”

HEP 2012, Valparaíso January 2012. ANDES “ Agua Negra Deep Experiment Site ”. Proposal for a Deep Underground Laboratory in the Southern Hemisphere. Claudio Dib, UTFSM Coordinator in Chile. The proposal :. To build an Underground Lab in the AGUA NEGRA tunnel.

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ANDES “ Agua Negra Deep Experiment Site ”

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  1. HEP 2012, Valparaíso January 2012 ANDES“Agua Negra DeepExperimentSite” Proposalfor a DeepUndergroundLaboratoryin theSouthernHemisphere Claudio Dib, UTFSMCoordinator in Chile

  2. Theproposal: • To build an Underground Lab in the AGUA NEGRA tunnel. The AGUA NEGRA tunnel will be built under the Andes Mountains between Chile and Argentina.

  3. The Agua Negra Tunnel

  4. Views of the Agua Negra pass Thereis no Tunnelyet!

  5. TheTunnelProposal • Why a tunnel: - growingtradebetween Argentina and Brazilwith Asia. • ShippingthroughChileanports tocrossthe Andes. • Themountainpassessufferseverecuts in winter. • Tunnelalternatives: • Agua Negra pass (Coquimbo – San Juan) ~ 14 km • Aconcagua pass (Los Andes – Mendoza) ~ 50 km • Las Leñas pass (Rancagua – Mendoza) ~ 12 km

  6. Maps

  7. The Tunnel proposal • Double Tunnel between Chile and Argentina 4th Region (Chile) – San Juan Province (Argentina) • Diameter: 12 m (two lanes each). • Length: 14 km. • Parallel separation: > 60 m; Connections every 500 m.

  8. The Tunnel proposal • Altitude: 3600 m asl (Chile) – 4085 m asl (Argentina) • T = 30 – 40 Celsius • Construction: 2013 - 2020 • Cost: 850 MUSD app. • Ventilation (forced longitudinal and transverse): 14,5 MW

  9. Agua Negra geology

  10. Rock studies Main rock: - Andesitevariations: - rhyolite - basalt - dacite - trachyte 9 samples from 8 perforations up to 600 m deep Bq/kg Thanksto Laboratorio de Activación Neutrónica (Bariloche, Argentina)

  11. ANDES: an underground Laboratoryin South America

  12. DeepundergroundLaboratories in theworld + China, Korea, India (notshown in themap) None in theSouthernHemisphere

  13. SouthernHemisphereandLatin America: • South Africa: neutrino detection in gold mines (1965…) • South America: - Brazil: searchfor a mine by C. Lattes. - Argentina: DarkMattersearchexperiment at Sierra Grande mine (1000 mwe). - Chile: El Teniente mine prospected (2001). • Mexico: MultidisciplinaryMexicanUndergroundLaboratory (LSMM) proposal 2006.

  14. WorldLabs: Muon flux vs. depth Flux at sea level ~ 100 /m2 s ANDES depth: ~ 4500 – 4800 mwe

  15. The ANDES Labproposal • Takeadvantage of theconstruction of a deeptunnel (uniqueopportunityfor U-Lab) • U-Lab at thedeepestpoint in tunnel (~ 1750 m deep) • 3.5 km toChileanentrance, 10 km toArgentineanentrance

  16. SupportLabs • SupportLaboneachside: tentative: Vicuña (Chile) , San José de Jáchal (Argentina) ~ 140 km ~ 130 km SupportLab SupportLab U- Lab

  17. Nearest towns In Chile: Paiguano (135 km) 4.000 habs.Vicuña (150km) 24.000 habs. In Argentina: Las Flores (75 km) 900 hab.Rodeo (90 km) 2.400 hab.San José de J. (140 km) 11.000 hb.

  18. Offices at entrances Tunnelwillhave a portal oneachside, with local services. • Ask for 1 or 2 ANDES officesoneachside • Possiblenightsleeptoavoiddailytriptosupportlabs.

  19. Whatmakes ANDES special? • ThirddeepestLab in theworld. • Onlydeepundergroundlab in southernhemisphere • Oppositeweather-inducedmodulations • Low reactor neutrino bkg • Embalse: 2.1 GWt, 560 km • Atucha: 1.2 GWt, 1080 km • Atucha II: 2.1 GWt • GeoactiveRegion • Geophysicsexperiments • Verylongbaselines: • CERN: 9920 km • Fermilab: 7640 km (magicbaseline) • KEK: 12400 km (1500 km fromearth center)

  20. ANDES initialScientificProgramme • Neutrino physics: - host double beta decayexperiments - largeLatin American neutrino detector- KamLAND / Borexinostyle - focusonlowenergy - Solar / Supernova / Geo neutrinos • DarkMatter - modulationmeasurements - new technologies • Geophysics - link Chile-Argentina seismographnetworks • Biology - life in extreme and lowradiationenvironments • Lowbackgroundintrumentation and measurements

  21. ANDES Lab concept Locatedonsouthernside, near km 4 Main hall: 21 x 23 x 50 m3 Secondary hall: 16 x 14 x 40 m3 Multilevel hall: 17 x 15 x 25 m3on 3 floors (up to 1200 m2) Ultra lowradiationpit: 8m , 9m depth Single experimentpit: 30m  , 30m depth Linear tunnelforinterferometers.

  22. ANDES Lab concept Ultra lowradiationpit Multipurpose Hall Main Hall Estimated civil workcost (total Lab): 15 MU$D

  23. Organization: Consorcio Latinoamericano de Estudios Subterráneos (CLES ) Latin American ConsortiumforUndergroundStudies

  24. CLES (Latin American ConsortiumforUndergroundStudies • CLES formstheScientificCommitteetomanagethe ANDES Laboratory. • Commonparticipationfor ANDES operation and operatingfunds. • ExcellentopportunitytohaveaninternationalLaboratory, notonlyinternationalexperiments. • CLES: ourseedfor a small CERN-likeorganizationwithfocusonallundergroundsciences (HEP, Geophysics, Biology, etc…)

  25. Expressedinterestfor ANDES • Letters of supportfromscientists/collaborations(LNBE, SNOLAB, KamLAND, RCNP, SuperK, ICRR,…) • Letters of interest/coll. Proposals(SuperNEMO, MIMAC, COBRA,DAEDALUS, ORNL,…)

  26. ANDES Workshops • First: April 2011, Buenos Aires • Second: June 2011, Rio de Janeiro • Third: tomorrow, here. • Fourth: June 2012, Mexico…?

  27. People • Country representatives: • Coordinator: Xavier Bertou • Argentina: Osvaldo Civitarese • Brazil: Ronald C. Shellard • Chile: Claudio Dib • Mexico: Juan Carlos D’Olivo • ScienceTaskForces: • Neutrinos: Renata Z. Funchal • DarkMatter • Geophysics • Other…

  28. Conclusions • Tunnelunderthe Andes Mts.: uniqueopportunityfor a Deep U-Lab • Firstdeepundergroundlab in SouthernHemisphere • UniqueLatitude, distanceto centres and position onearthcrust • CLES: Opportunityfor a Latin American Scienceintegration • Project status: • Scientificsupport, politicalsupport • First conceptual pre-designs of theLab • Someproposalsforexperiments • Favorable receptiontoincludeLab in Tunnel • Some rock studies, labfeasibilitystudystillpending • Gettingbettereveryday, butmuch more workahead… • More info at http://andeslab.org

  29. Thankyou!

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