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Supercomputers

Supercomputers. A look at computing performance and usage. Overview. overview. Comparison to desktop PCs. 3.6GHz Pentium 4: 1 GFLOPS 1.8GHz Opteron: 3 GFLOPS (2003) 3.2GHz Xeon X5460, quad-core: 82 GFLOPS IBM Roadrunner: 1.1 PFLOPS. Top 10: ibm Roadrunner. 1,105 TFLOPS 120,000 cores

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Supercomputers

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  1. Supercomputers A look at computing performance and usage

  2. Overview

  3. overview

  4. Comparison to desktop PCs • 3.6GHz Pentium 4: 1 GFLOPS • 1.8GHz Opteron: 3 GFLOPS (2003) • 3.2GHz Xeon X5460, quad-core: 82 GFLOPS • IBM Roadrunner: 1.1 PFLOPS

  5. Top 10: ibm Roadrunner • 1,105 TFLOPS • 120,000 cores • AMD Opteron (1.8 GHz) • PowerXCell 8i (3.2 Ghz) • Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico • $133M • Manages US nuclear weapons

  6. Top 10: Cray Jaguar XT5 • 1,059 TFLOPS • 150,000 cores: Opteron (2.3 GHz) • Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee • Usage awarded by the INCITE program • “Computational Protein Structure Prediction and Protein Design” • “Interaction of Turbulence and Chemistry in Lean Premixed Laboratory Flames” • Climate research, combustion, nuclear physics, fusion energy, space physics, and fluid turbulence

  7. Top 10: SGI Pleiades • 487 TFLOPS • 51,000 cores: Xeon (3.0 GHz) • NASA Ames Research Center, California

  8. Top 10: IBM Blue Gene/L • 478 TFLOPS • 213,000 cores: PowerPC (700 MHz) • Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California • Made in 2007, when it was the world’s fastest • Manages the US stockpile of nuclear weapons (as the Roadrunner also does)

  9. Top 10: IBM blue gene/P • 450 TFLOPS • 164,000 cores: PowerPC (850 MHz) • Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois • Uses an architecture newer than Blue Gene/L; can be expanded to 3 PFLOPS • Usage granted by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Innovative and Novel Computational Impact on Theory and Experiment program • Physics of star explosions

  10. Top 10: the last five • #6: Sun Ranger, nano-scale technology, Opteron • #7: Cray Franklin XT4, simulation and modeling • #8: Cray Jaguar XT4, Department of Energy projects • #9: Cray Red Storm XT3, nuclear stockpile testing • #10: Dawning 5000A, Opteron, China’s fastest • weather forecasting • oil exploration • genetic research • aviation and aeronautics

  11. References • top500.org, networkworld.com • nytimes.com • cpu-world.com, intel.com, amd.com http://www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=viewArticleBasic&articleId=9085021 http://www.energy.gov/news/6321.htm http://www.lanl.gov/roadrunner/ http://www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=viewArticleBasic&articleId=9119859&intsrc=hm_list http://www.sc.doe.gov/ascr/incite/ http://www.nas.nasa.gov/Resources/Systems/pleiades.html https://asc.llnl.gov/computing_resources/bluegenel/ http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/deepcomputing/bluegene/ http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2008-05/uoc-bgs050208.php http://www.chicagolife.net/content/chicago/Blue_Gene_Baby http://www.nersc.gov/ http://www.cs.sandia.gov/platforms/RedStorm.html

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