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Today:. Those who need to take the test- 2 nd half of class! Looking at the Nervous System today The brain on Friday We will get the project due in 3 weeks on Friday as well! Book activity-notes-strength video . Activity 1: What does the brain do? . I need 8 volunteers . Goals:.
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Today: • Those who need to take the test- 2nd half of class! • Looking at the Nervous System today • The brain on Friday • We will get the project due in 3 weeks on Friday as well! • Book activity-notes-strength video
Activity 1: What does the brain do? • I need 8 volunteers
Goals: • Understand how the nervous system works • Be able to distinguish between the different parts of the nervous system
The Nervous System Don’t get nervous about the nervous system
Why can you do the things that you do? • Runner’s high? • Football • Solve algebra • Read a sentence?? • Endorphins and other cool things about the brain!
The Nervous System • Two main divisions • Central nervous system (CNS): brain and spinal cord • Peripheral nervous system (PNS)- the nerves Figure 3-3
Functions of the Nervous System • 1. Communication and coordination • Adapt and respond to changes from both inside and outside the body • 2. Site of reasoning- your brain
The Central Nervous System • The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. • Covered by bone and three protective membranes.
Cerebrospinal fluid Also shielded from injury by a clear solution known as cerebrospinal fluid. • This fluid allows the brain to float in the skull . • In this floating state, the brain’s three pound “air-weight”
Cerebellum-responsible for muscle coordination • Brain stem- most basic functions; respiration, swallowing, blood pressure. • Lower part (medulla oblongata) is continuous with spinal cord
Spinal cord- begins at foramen magnum and ends at second lumbar vertebrae • Every voluntary action, requires a message from the brain to the spinal cord and then from the spinal cord to the muscles.
Spinal Cord The upper part of the spinal cord- controls the upper part of the body The lower part of the spinal cord controls the lower part of the body. If part of the spinal cord is severed, the person loses all sensation and muscle control below the injury. The higher up the spine the injury occurs, the greater extent of paralysis. 11,000 Americans each year injure their spinal cords.
The Peripheral Nervous System • The peripheral nervous system is the nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord with the organs and tissues of the body.
Peripheral Nervous System Function • Function: to connect the brain and spinal cord with the organs and tissues of the body. • Everything outside the brain and spinal cord.
Two Major Branches of the Peripheral Nervous System 1. The somatic nervous system 2. The autonomic nervous system
The Somatic Nervous System • Function: Commands the skeletal muscles to control your movements. • Provides you with the sense of touch, position in your surroundings, perception of temperature and pain, and the ability to see the words on this screen. • S: Somatic, Skeletal, Sensory
Pain • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6iOUW523BE
The Autonomic Nervous System • Function: Controls the movement of involuntary muscles over which you have little or no control over. • Heartbeat, lungs, breathing, stomach muscles. • maintain homeostasis, the body’s steady state of normal functioning.
1. The sympathetic nervous system activates the body’s energy resources to deal with threatening situations or emergencies. - If something angers or frustrates you, it prepares you for “fight or flight” by slowing your digestion, accelerating your heart rate, raising your blood sugar, and controlling your body with perspiration.
The parasympathetic nervous system is the part that conserves and maintains the body’s energy resources. • When the threat has passed, parasympathetic nerves slow the autonomic system back down to its normal level of functioning. • Keeps the nervous system in a normal state of functioning.
Putting them together… • If someone was chasing us, the somatic nervous system would help us use our muscles. • The automatic nervous system would increase our heart rate and blood pressure; it would activate the liver, which would produce sugar for the muscles. • The two systems complement each other in every activity. • Eventually, the parasympathetic nervous sytsem would try to establish and restore a balance.
Which is faster? • After a heated argument, heart rate and blood pressure can remain high for several minutes. • Though the parasympathetic system is generally slower, it sometimes works too efficiently; it can lower blood pressure so much that a person becomes dizzy or faint. • If you’ve ever gotten weak in the knees after seeing a long needle or blood, you’ve felt the power of the parasympathetic nervous system.
Checkpoint: • How does the central nervous system differ from the peripheral nervous system?
Quick Reinforcing Activity: • You need your book for this • Color the nervous system- • Find the functions of each part • Next: Watch clips on the nervous system and strength! • Quiz on this: Tuesday- I will remind you
Using your notes and book- • Complete the review activity • Make sure you ask others, and get input on what you think is the correct answer • We will go over this together
Explaining the Nervous System • If someone was chasing us, the somatic nervous system would help us use our muscles. • The automatic nervous system would increase our heart rate and blood pressure; it would activate the liver, which would produce sugar for the muscles. • The two systems complement each other in every activity. • Eventually, the parasympathetic nervous system would try to establish and restore a balance.
Why system works fastest?? • ( the sympathetic) • After a heated argument, heart rate and blood pressure can remain high for several minutes. • Though the parasympathetic system is generally slower, it sometimes works too efficiently; it can lower blood pressure so much that a person becomes dizzy or faint. • If you’ve ever gotten weak in the knees after seeing a long needle or blood, you’ve felt the power of the parasympathetic nervous system.
The Homemade 3D Brain Project • Goal: Understand the process of how humans develop, learn, adapt to their environment, and internalize their culture • Objective: You will be problem-solving to create a model of the human brain and correctly identifying ten parts of the brain while also choosing explaining/giving examples of how one part of the brain contributes to daily life.
The Homemade 3D Brain Project • PARTS OF THE BRAIN—50 points • Look for the following parts of the brain and check the off as you identify them. • Each part is worth 5 points add up the points and write it on the space provided at the bottom of the list. As you create your brain, please identify and label each part of the model • You can use toothpicks, paper, string- you must label the parts.
Parts of the Brain to Label • ___Spinal cord • ___Medulla • ___Pons • ___Pituitary gland • ___Hypothalamus • ___Thalamus • ___Cerebral cortex • ___Corpus • Callosum • ___Cerebellum • ___Forebrain
3D CREATIVITY/CONSTRUCTION--40 points • • When evaluating the creativity of the brain look for the following things: • ___ Is the brain sturdy and does it somewhat resemble an actual brain?(20 points) • ( is it 3D)Examples: cake, rice krispies, legos, different candy, different recyclable materials, play-doh, and colored clay, etc. • ___ Did they take the time to construct the brain nice and tidy? (20 points)
EXPLAIN PART OF THE BRAIN—30 points (separate sheet of paper) • • Explain what__________________does and how it contributes to one’s daily life. • o ____Identify the part of the brain and its function (10) • o ____Give an example of how this part of the brain impact one’s daily life (20) • If that part of the brain was missing what would/wouldn’t you be able to do? • Why do you think humans should have this specific part of the brain?
Presentation • •You will be presenting your brain to the class. • Make sure you are able to identify why you chose the items that you did. • Be able to explain each part of the brain and why you used it.
Get Creative- This should be fun! • If you make something edible, we will eat it in class if you’d like • Use what you are good at • Partners ONLY if you split the work equally- let me know who helped whom on the writing part of the project.
