Biomed Meets Engineering

1. Biomed Meets Engineering

2. What is Biomedical Engineering? • Biomedical engineering is the application of the principles and problem-solving techniques of engineering to biology and medicine. • It combines engineering principles with medical sciences to design and create equipment, devices, computer systems, and software used in healthcare. • Addresses areas of healthcare dealing in: diagnosis and analysis to treatment and recovery. • Contributions to healthcare: • implantable medical devices • pacemakers • artificial hips • stem cell engineering • 3-D printing of biological organs

3. Hybrid Biomedical and Engineering Jobs • Biomedical engineer • A fast-growing field, biomedical engineering develops such medical products as joint replacements, robotic surgical instruments and rehabilitation devices. Biomedical engineers also manage equipment and processes in hospitals • Medical scientist • Usually educated to the PhD level, medical scientists work in universities, pharmaceutical companies and hospitals, conducting experiments to increase understanding of human health and diseases. They also develop and improve drugs, treatments and other related products. • Clinical data scientist • Combining an aptitude for statistics and computer science with experience in healthcare, clinical data scientists manage the technologies used in clinical studies, while also being able to interpret data. • Medical VR designer • With cutting-edge knowledge of virtual-reality software and an understanding of deep medical concepts, medical VR designers explore the benefits that this technology can bring to a medical setting – from improving teaching by experiencing surgical operations remotely to speeding up recovery after a stroke.

4. Why Team Up? • Physicians can often name a medical device or procedure that would improve patient care – if only that device or procedure existed, that’s where the engineer comes in. • Medical technologies not only have to work precisely, robustly and reliably. They also have to fulfil additional criteria specific to clinical applications in humans, such as sterility, certified machinery, biocompatible materials, in vivo safety and toxicity. • Drawing on their knowledge of algorithms, design and materials, engineers can help improve healthcare in many arenas, from diagnostics to drug delivery. • The pragmatism and technical savvy of engineers often complement the medical profession’s understanding of practical challenges in a clinical setting. • Involve the user – involving the people that use the equipment gives engineers an insight into how best to solve a problem. • The best way to meet new medtech needs is to have physicians and engineers work together.

5. Cross-Functional Teams • A cross-functional team is a group of people with different functional expertise working toward a common goal. • All professionals are required to join a cross-functional team at some point in their career. Includes teams made from: • Different areas of an organization • Different levels of an organization • Members outside the organization • The teams often face the challenge of creating a collaborative atmosphere when dealing with cross-functional dependencies and peers from other functions.  • It’s not always easy to collaborate successfully, but linking engineering and medicine has led to better diagnostics, drugs and treatments. Therefore, it is imperative.

6. Biomedical Engineering Innovation • You will create a cross-functional team with biomed and engineering students to develop a biomedical engineering innovation. • You will have class time to work on this project, but you will be required to communicate via other methods as well: email, text, facetime, etc. • You must use the Engineering Design Process to develop your idea, and will present your idea to the class. • Deliverables: • Physical prototype, software or 3D printed layout • Presentation board, PowerPoint/Prezi, or Video • Completed Design Brief Paperwork • CAD Work, Written Programming, and other Developmental Paperwork • Completed Work Log Sheet

7. Engineering Design Process

8. Tips For Surviving • One should always keep an open mind.  It is important to allow crazy ideas to develop.  The most likely time for a creative solution to be found is early in the design process when wild ideas are expressed. • No one should become overly attached to any single idea - especially one they created.  It is easy to become blinded to other ideas simply because “they aren’t mine.” • One should not become defensive regarding the opinions of others.  Defend one’s own opinions and ideas but always focus on the ultimate goal of providing the best solution possible. • One should always stay positive, even when discussing negatives. • Engineering is based in logic.  One should focus on factual arguments, not those based on opinions.  Emotion should not be allowed to interfere with the process. • It is important not to be offended if disagreements occur, even if things get heated and criticisms are overly harsh.  Most engineers get passionate during design discussions and will often be very blunt. It is important not to take this personally. • An unjustified opinion is not useful.  Team members must be able to describe WHY they like or dislike something. • This is NOT rhetoric, it is engineering.  In rhetoric, the person who argues best will be most persuasive.  In engineering, the person who has the best argument will be most persuasive.  It is not the one who can speak the best but the one who can provide quantitative proof that will win an argument and prove their idea is better!  It is important to be quantitative wherever possible.

9. Innovation Ideas • 3D printed devices or tools • Floor layouts for surgery, patient, or emergency rooms • Computer programs to streamline certain processes • 3D printed devices or tools • Nurse’s or doctor’s carts • Medical cart improvements • Ambulance improvements • Patient bed improvements

11. Sample PowerPoint

12. Brainchild Background • Here you would describe how your ideas came about. Why did you decide this would be relevant? Did you find other similar devices? For example: • We wondered: Why do some shots hurt? • Is it the person giving the shot? Is it the location? Is it the angle? • While researching why, we discovered there area various angles required for the type of injection being administered.

13. Injection Angles • To be more exact, four angels: • Intramuscular at 90 degrees • Subcutaneous at 45 degrees • Intravenous at 25 degrees • Intradermal at 15 degrees

14. Training Device • Upon investigating, we found nursing and medical students are not provided trainers to help learn the angles for injections. • We did find an existing tool for aiding this training, but it only contained 90 degree and 45 degree angles. • We wanted to develop a tool that would include all angles an injection could be given at. • We also wanted the device to be cost efficient for colleges and other medical training programs.

15. Training Device • Our design included two parts. • A rotating wheel, and the base that would rest against the patients arm. • The base would also include tick marks with the various injection angles. • We ended up with two different designs, making improvements from the first design to the second.

16. Training Device • Design One • Too large for person’s arm • Wheel wouldn’t rotate properly • Syringe holding slot too small • Design Two • Reduced size of wheel and base • Improved rotation method • Increased size of syringe slot • Changed angles on base to include correct injection angles

17. Training Device • Final Product

18. Training Device • Final Product

19. Team Members • Our team included: • Two engineering students • Herb Avore • HarlyWorkeen • Two biomed students • Barry Dalive • Ellie Mentary

20. Activity Log • Here you will list how many times you met, how you met, and highlight some of the more important interactions you had as a team. For example: • We met in person on 8 different occasions. • We communicated outside of the classroom via email and text message. • Our breakthrough meeting was meeting 4, where we decided how we would design our training device.

21. Lessons Learned • Here you will list issues you had as a team and lessons you learned from that. • What would you do differently. • What would you suggest to others on how to be successful.

22. Due Dates • Due Monday, March 5th • Steps 1-3 of Engineering Design Process • Identify the Problem – what problem will you be addressing with your innovation? • Research – written justification of the problem, why does this problem need to be addressed? • Possible Solutions – solution write up and sketches or program flow chart of 2 potential solutions • Due Friday, March 9th • Step 4 of Engineering Process • Choose the best solution – completed design matrix • Due Friday, March 23rd • Step 5-6 of the Engineering Design Process • Submit Working Prototype and Completed Presentation