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MAKING SUGGESTIONS

MAKING SUGGESTIONS. LETS + DO SOMETHING. It’s a nice day today . Let’s go out and have a walk . It’s a nice day today . Let’s not stay home . Let’s go to the cinema after class , shall we ? Let’s buy her a silver ring for her birthday , okay ?. MAY / MIGHT (AS WELL).

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MAKING SUGGESTIONS

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  1. MAKING SUGGESTIONS

  2. LETS + DO SOMETHING • It’s a nice daytoday. Let’sgooutandhave a walk. • It’s a nice daytoday. Let’s not stayhome. • Let’sgotothecinemaafterclass, shallwe? • Let’s buy her a silver ring for her birthday, okay ?

  3. MAY / MIGHT (AS WELL) • Ifyoudon’thaveanyotherplans, wemay / mightinvitesomefriendsovertheweekend. What do youthink ? • Since wecan’taffordtogotothecinemathisweekend, wemay / might as wellhirea video andwatch it at home. (zorunluluktan kaynaklanan gönülsüzce yapılan bir öneri) • Since youare not closefriendswithLucy, wemay / might as well not attend her weddingnext Sunday. (eğer cümle olumsuzsa needn’t anlamını verir)

  4. WHY DON’T / DOESN’T + SUBJECT • Whydon’tyougotobed? • Whydoesn’t he applyforthatjob ?

  5. SHALL WE / I …? • Whatshallwedo tonight ? • Shall I helpyou ? • Shallwetake a ropeand a ballwith us whenwego on thepicnic?

  6. COULD • Youcouldtakeyour son tothetheatreorcinema, oryoucouldgoto a park. • Wecouldmeetfriendsandgotothecinema.

  7. COULDN’T HAVE DONE • Geçmişte bir şeyi isteseydin de yapamazdın • I couldn’thavevisitedher evenif I had wantedto. • I couldn’thavephonedyoubecausethemanagertook me tothebuilding site, andthere is notelephone.

  8. COULD HAVE DONE • I couldhave sent them a cheque. (But I didn’t.) • I wasabletosendthem a cheque. (I did) • When I had a chequebook, I could pay bycheque.

  9. EXPRESSING DEGREES OF CERTAINTY

  10. PRESENT TIME • Gerçeği kesin bilmiyorsak ve güçlü bir tahminde bulunuyorsak, • Why is Peter at hometoday ? • Well , he must be ill. I sawhimlastnight, and he wasn’tfeelingverywell, so I’m sure that he is illtoday.

  11. Gerçeği bilmiyorsak, güçsüz tahminde bulunuyorsak • Why is Peter at hometoday ? • Well, I don’tknow. He may / might / could be ill. • Perhaps / Possibly / Maybe he is ill. • He is probablyill. • It’slikelythat he is ill.

  12. Why is Peter at hometoday ? He isill. (100% sure) He must be ill. (95 % sure) He may / might / could be ill. (50% sure)

  13. NEGATIVE STATEMENTS • Tim says he is veryhungry. • No, he can’t / couldn’t be hungry. He ate a huge meal justhalf an hourago. • Yourbrothersays he is broke. • No, he can’t / couldn’t be broke. I gavehim 20 dollarsjust an hourago.

  14. Yourbrotherisn’teating his lunch. • Well, he must not be hungry. (Aç olmamalı. Herhalde aç değil.) • Janealwaysgetslowgrades in history. • Shemust not studyhard enough. • Look! Peter is eatingonlysalad. He hasn’teventouched his fish. • Well, he must not likefish.

  15. I’m goingtoseethemanager. • Heisn’tin his room . (100% sure) • He can’t / couldn’t be in his room. (99 % sure ) • He must not be in his room. (95 % sure) • He may not / might not be in his room.(50% sure)

  16. PRESENT PROGRESSIVE FORMS OF MODALS • MUST • MAY /MIGHT /COULD • CAN’T / COULDN’T BE + DOING • MUST NOT • MAY NOT / MIGHT NOT

  17. Where is yourbrother ? • I’m not sure, but he must be studyingin his room. He has an examtomorrow. • Look! Isn’tthat Elif goingup Bahariye Street ? • I don’tknow. Shemay/might/could be goingtothecinema, orshemay/might/could be goingshopping. Don’tmakesomuchnoise. Yourbrother is studying in thenextroom. No, he can’t / couldn’t be studyingin thenextroom. I sawhim in the Street.

  18. PAST TIME • Must • May / might / could • Can’t / couldn’t + have done • Must not • May not / might not

  19. I can’tfindmygrammarbook. • Well, youmusthaveleftit in theclassroom. • I can’tfindmygrammarbook. I don’tknowwhere I left it. • I may / might/ couldhaveleftit in theclassroom. • I think I saw Susan at a cafetheotherday, but I didn’t talk to her. Shewas in a crowdedgroup. • No, youcan’t / couldn’thaveseenher there. She has beenout of townfortwoweeks.SheleftforLondontwoweeksago. • Jane is normally a goodstudent, but shegot a lowgrade on yesterday’s test. • Well, shemust not havestudiedhard enough.

  20. COULD HAVE DONE / COULDN’T HAVE DONE • I had a lot of spare time yesterday. I couldhavegonetothecinema, but I preferredtostay at home. (gidebilirdim) • Lastweek, myhusbandwasgoingtogoto a matchwith his friends, but he didn’tgo.Laterwefoundoutthatthematch had beencancelled, so he couldn’thavegoneevenif he wantedto. (isteseydi bile gidemezdi) • When I phoned her, shewasn’t at home. Shecouldhavegonetothecinemabecauseshe had told me thattherewas a good film andthatshewantedtosee it. (gitmiş olabilir) • He couldn’thavegonetothematchyesterday, because his leg has been in plaster since thepreviousmatch he was in. (gitmiş olamaz)

  21. PAST PROGRESSIVE FORMS OF MODALS Must May / might / could Can’t / couldn’t + HAVE BEEN DOING Must not May not / might not

  22. Peter had a car accidentlastSaturday. He saidthat a child had suddenlypushedhimself in front of his car, andthat he had swervedtotheleftso as not to hit thechild, but he couldn’tavoidrunningintoanother car. • Then, he musthavebeendrivingfast at the time of theaccident. When I gothomelatelastnight, thelight in mybrother’sroomwasstill on. I didn’tgotoseewhat he wasdoing, but he may /might /couldhavebeenreadinga bookorlisteningtomusic. He can’t / couldn’thavebeendrivingfast at the time of theaccident, because I knowthat he doesn’tlikespeeding.

  23. While I waspreparingtogotobedlastnight, I heardsomenoisesfrommyson’sroom. He must not havebeensleeping. • Mothersaysmybrotherwasstudying in his roomallyesterdayafternoon, but he may not / might not havebeenstudyingbecause I heardthesound of a stereo comingfrom his room.

  24. FUTURE TIME • Bir olayın olacağından kesin eminsek • He willpasshis driving test. He is verygood at driving. • Güçlü bir tahminde bulunuyorsak • He tookplenty of drivinglessons, and he drivesthe car verywell. He should / oughttopassthe test tomorrow. (geçmesi gerekir) • Must (geleceğe ilişkin tahminlerde kullanılmaz) • Gelecekte bir eylemin olacağına dair belirtiler varsa, • Lindamust be givinga hugepartyfor her birthdaynextweek. I sawbuyinglots of foodanddrink at the market today.

  25. Must / should / oughtto • Manypeoplewentthroughthedoorandintothelecturehall. Itmust be verycrowded in thelecturehall. (present) • Manypeopleshowedgreatinterest in attendingmylecturetomorrow. Thereshould /oughtto be a lot of people at mylecturetomorrow . (future) • Thecandidate has 70 % of thevote in thepre-electionpolls. • He should / oughttowintheelection. (future) • He tooksomedrivinglessons, andisn’tsobad at driving. He may / might / couldpasshis driving test tomorrow, but whoknows.

  26. ADVANCED NOTES • WILL • YouareexpectingyourfriendsDaveand Helen toarrive at 8 o’clock; youcheckyourwatchand it reads 8 o’clock; youhearthedoorbell • Thatmust be David and Helen. • Yourhearthedoorbellandyouheartheirvoicescomingfromoutside • Thatwill be David and Helen.

  27. WOULD • Youare at homewhenthedoorbellrings at around 8 o’clock, andyourflatmate, toyouhavementionedthatyouareexpectingDaveand Helen at 8, says: • Wouldthat be Daveand Helen ?

  28. MAY / MIGHT • I may /might be goingtothepartytonight, but thatdoesn’tmean I’m goingtoenjoymyself. • Theymay / might be havingargumentsfrequently, but thisdoesn’t Show thattheydon’tloveeachother. • He may/mighthavefallenin lovewith her, but he’sdefinitely not planningtomarry her. • He may/mighthavecriticized his daughtera littletooharshly, but shereallydeserved it.

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