Kansas State University Urban Water Institute

1. Kansas State University Urban Water Institute Photo Courtesy : Mid-America Regional Council • Programs and Opportunities • Shawnee Mission South High School • August 15, 2014

2. Water has been identified as one of the most critical resources for the future.

3. Just .25% of the earth’s water is accessible fresh water

4. The Earth’s Water • Almost 71% • of the Earth’s • surface is • covered with • water.

5. The Earth’s Fresh Water • The oceans • make up 97% • of the Earth’s • water as salt • water. • Just 3% of the • Earth’s water • is fresh water.

6. The Earth’s Fresh Water • Of that 3%, • 2% of the • Earth’s fresh • water is frozen • in ice caps and • glaciers. • That leaves • just 1% of • the Earth’s water • available.

7. The Earth’s Fresh Water • Of the • remaining 1%, • half is found • under the Earth’s • surface in • groundwater.

8. The Earth’s Fresh Surface Water • Of the • remaining ½%, • half is tied up • in the atmosphere • at any given • time as clouds and • precipitation, such as rain or snow. • That leaves • just ¼ of 1% • of the Earth’s • water available as fresh surface • water.

9. The number of people living in cities will double during the next century(A. Townsend, Smart Cities, 2013).Water is a finite, non-renewable resource.We cannot live without water.Water is life.

10. Vision: The Urban Water Institute is a center of knowledge and outreach focused on sustainable water management in urban environments. • Mission: The mission of the Urban Water Institute is to promote treatment technologies, management approaches, and public policy that support sustainable water use in urban and urbanizing communities.

11. Two • COLLABORATE • Indoor | outdoor laboratory space • Research • Teaching laboratory • Landscape design • HS | Undergraduate | Graduate Internships • Projects + working groups • K-12 • Industry professionals • University researchers • Government entities

12. EDUCATE • Undergraduate • Courses • Senior student design projects • Internships • Graduate • Courses • Degrees • Certificates • Distance Education • Learn more at www.ksu.edu/urbanwaterinstitute

13. EDUCATE • K-12 • Resource Center • Virtual | Actual • Equipment and Resources • High School Internships • Summer teacher workshops • Water Quality Field Study • Technology demonstrations • Research seminars | Collaborative research • K-12 field trips • Water Investigation Lab Day • Public Outreach • Informal science educators • Citizen Science water quality monitoring training

14. EDUCATE • Professional Development • Workshops for Professionals • Professional Development Hours • Certificates • Symposia and Seminars • Lunch and Learns • Speaking Engagements • Networking

15. Manganese in the US • Mn occurs naturally in surface water and groundwater, but human activities are also responsible for the contamination • “Parkinson-like syndrome” – weakness, anorexia, muscle pain, apathy, slow speech, monotonous tone of voice, emotionless facial expressions and slow, clumsy movements of limbs • These effects are irreversible Source: Saugata Datta, PhD

16. Arsenic in Bangladesh • 40 million of population in Bengal Basin suffer from various diseases • Warts • Skin Lesions • Cancer Source: Saugata Datta, PhD

17. India’s Water Crisis: Causes • Insufficient water per person as a result of population growth • Poor water quality resulting from inefficient and delayed investment in urban water-treatment facilities • Dwindling groundwater supplies due to over-extraction by farmers Source: Saugata Datta, PhD

18. How You Can Help • Around the House • Use nontoxic household products • Dispose of hazardous household products properly • Save water • Recycle • In Your Landscape • Think Green • Learn about watering restrictions • Use natural fertilizers • Collect and reuse rainwater • In Your Community • Educate others in your community • Get involved

19. One Health: Integrating Animal, Human & Environmental Health • Objectives: • Define One Health • What is Public Health? • Give examples of One Health collaborations • Discuss One Health careers • One Health Kansas resources • Classroom applications

20. One Health: Integrating Animal, Human & Environmental Health • One Health – An old concept generating new interest • Dr. Rudolf Virchow • The son of a butcher working in Germany in the mid- to late nineteenth century • His studies of trichinosis led to the first food inspections. • He was one of the first proponents of One Health. • Dr. Calvin W. Schwabe • A veterinary scientist and epidemiologist at the University of California at Davis, in his book Veterinary Medicine and Human Health (Williams & Wilkins, 1964). • Coined the term One Medicine

21. One Health Initiative Task Force • Convened by the American Veterinary Medical Association • Members included representatives from • American Veterinary Medical Association • American Medical Association • American Public Health Association • Task Force Report issued July 15, 2008 https://www.avma.org/KB/Resources/Reference/Pages/One-Health.aspx

22. What is One Health? • One Health is the collaborative effort of multiple disciplines – working locally, nationally, and globally – to attain optimal health for people, animals and our environment. – American Veterinary Medical AssociationOne Health Initiative Task Force, 2008

23. One Health The convergence of people, animals, and our environment has created a new dynamic in which the health of each group is inextricably interconnected. --One Health Initiative Task Force, 2008

24. One Health Understanding the connections between animal, human and environmental health is necessary in order to address future health concerns.

25. One Health: Integrating Human, Animal & Environmental Health • What is Public Health? • This is Public Health video • From the Association of Schools of Public Health

26. The Issues: Blurring of the Urban/suburban/rural Interface Increasing population causes destruction of animal habitats exposing humans to animals and their diseases. Photos courtesy Joni Teeter, US EPA Region 8

27. The Issues: Global Trade and Travel Food, people, animals and diseases travel more quickly around the world

28. Environmental Health Impacts Human Health • Air quality • Water quality • Solid waste issues • Food safety & security

29. Animal Health Impacts Human Health • Human animal bond • Zoonotic disease transmission http://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/diseases/index.html

30. Human-Animal Bond • Improved emotional health • Increased physical activity • Fewer doctor visits • Lessons learned: • Hurricane Katrina • Greensburg • Kansas State Animal Response Team www.kssart.org

31. Zoonotic DiseasesDiseases transmitted between animals and humans • Rabies • West Nile Virus • Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever • Salmonella • Giardia

32. What is the concern? • Approximately 75% of recently emerging infectious diseases affecting humans are diseases of animal origin • Approximately 60% of all human pathogens are zoonotic

33. Zoonotic Disease Pathogens • Bacteria • E. coli, Lyme Disease • Virus • Rabies, West Nile • Parasite • Giardia, Toxoplasmosis • Fungus • Histoplasmosis

34. Zoonotic Disease Transmission Routes • Fecal-oral • E. coli • Bites/scratches • Rabies • Vectors(mosquitoes, ticks, fleas) • West Nile Virus • Foodborne • Salmonella, E. coli • Waterborne • Leptospira, E. coli, Giardia

35. Zoonotic Disease Prevention:#1 Prevention Measure Wash hands • Before eating or cooking • After going to the bathroom • After petting animals Hand washing compliance research: http://onehealthkansas.k-state.edu/infection-prevention/6/infection-prevention

36. Zoonotic Disease Prevention:Vector Control Vectorborne illness • West Nile Virus (mosquito) • Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (tick) • Lyme Disease (tick) Control measures • Interrupt insect life cycle • ID insect habitats • Lead Tip and Toss campaigns to remove standing water to prevent mosquito breeding grounds • Apply insecticide to breeding areas

37. Zoonotic Disease Prevention:Prevent Insect Bites While outside, wear • Long sleeves • Long pants • Closed-toed shoes • Insect repellent www.cdc.gov

38. Zoonosis Disease Prevention:Prevent Animal Bites & Scratches • Avoid unfamiliar animals (e.g., dogs, cats) • Do not approach or feed wild animals, especially sick or dead animals http://animals.nationalgeographic.com

39. Prevent Dog Bites:One Health Kansas Dog Bite Prevention Project • Surveyed animal and human health practitioners • Developed education materials to be distributed to animal and human health providers • Piloted materials in veterinary and pediatric clinics

40. Zoonotic Disease Prevention:Rabies Awareness & Prevention • Vaccinate your pets • World Rabies Day http://www.worldrabiesday.org

41. Zoonotic Disease:Foodborne Illness Statistics • The CDC estimates that • roughly 1 in 6 Americans (or 48 million people) will become ill with foodborne illness, • 128,000 will be hospitalized, and • 3,000 will die each year www.cdc.gov

42. Zoonotic Disease Prevention:Food Safety Chill • Refrigerate promptly Clean • Wash hands and surfaces often Separate • Don’t cross-contaminate Cook • Cook to proper temperatures www.fightbac.org Follow foodborne illness outbreaks on the Barfblog: www.barfblog.com

43. Zoonotic Disease Prevention:Water Contact • Do not drink from any river or stream • Avoid swimming in water that may be contaminated by animal urine or feces

44. Cross-disciplinary Collaboration:Human & Environmental Health Professionals • Approximately 80 – 90% of all cancers may be caused by environmental and lifestyle triggers1 , as opposed to genetics. While many of these triggers are currently unknown they are being investigated by public health researchers and some of them, such as asbestos, are being eliminated as a result of public health initiatives. www.thisispublichealth.org

45. Cross-disciplinary Collaboration:Human & Animal Health Professionals • Zoonotic diseases: • Collaboration between veterinarians and physicians enable rapid diagnosis of human illness • Pets may serve as sentinels for zoonotic disease in humans or environmental degradation that may eventually affect humans

46. Cross-disciplinary Collaboration:Public Health & Urban Planning • Walkable Communities • Built environment • Community gardens • Physical activity • Nutrition

47. Cross-disciplinary Collaboration:Educators & Scientists Global Observations & Learning to Benefit the Environment Teachers and students engage in research contributing to a data stream accessed by scientists-- www.globe.gov

48. Future Workforce Needs • Animal Health Corridor • Manhattan, Kansas, to Columbia, Missouri • The largest concentration of animal health interests in the world NBAF CevaBiomune SAFC Biosciences

49. Future Workforce Needs • 21st Century Skills: • Collaboration • Creativity • Problem Solving • One Health Kansas Intro to Public Health • “Teamwork skills of leadership, collaboration, cooperation, and responsibility” • “Since there are neither clear nor easy answers to many of the public health problems and issues examined in this course, an important over-arching objective is to encourage students to think independently and critically about the issues.”

50. Future Workforce Needs • Public health • Epidemiology • Environmental management • Animal health • Food safety • Urban planning • Food chain logistics • Agricultural research • Others? • http://onehealthkansas.k-state.edu/pathways/22/career-pathways-in-public-health