Potential VS. Kinetic Energy

1. Potential VS. Kinetic Energy

2. Energy – The ability to do work • The tennis player does work • On her racket How is energy involved in the following picture? • The racket does work on the • ball • The ball does work on the • net Energy Video http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=2FBE6C5D-0DD3-4210-B476-1A679001C8EE&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

3. What is energy? • “the ability to do work” • The combination of energy and matter make up the universe: • Matter is substance, and energy is the mover of substance.

4. Energy Examples • Examples are: light energy, heat energy, mechanical energy, gravitational energy, electrical energy, sound energy, chemical energy, nuclear (atomic) energy. • These forms of energy can be transferred and transformed between one another. This is of immense benefit to us.

5. The Law of Conservation of Energy • Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it may be transformed from one form into another, but the total amount of energy never changes.

6. Energy is nature’s way of keeping score. • We sense energy only when the score changes. • Either a transformation from one form of energy to another, • or a transfer of energy from one point to another.

7. STATES OF ENERGY • Stored Energy or energy that is waiting to be transferred. • Potential - -Object is not moving or doing work. -When work is done on an object, potential energy is stored. -Has the ability to turn into kinetic energy.

8. What is Potential Energy? • Energy that is stored and waiting to be used later Examples: stretched rubberband, roller coaster at the top of a hill, a diver at the end of the diving board waiting to jump.

9. STATES OF ENERGY • The energy of motion, when energy is being transferred. • Kinetic - • The faster the motion, the more kinetic • energy it has. The bigger the mass, the more • Kinetic energy it has.

10. What is Kinetic Energy? • Energy an object has due to its motion • Examples: roller coaster going down a hill, baseball flying through the air, wind blowing, etc.

11. energy of position or energy in storage. Water behind a dam Hammer over head Food on the plate energy of motion, the form capable of doing work Flowing water A falling hammer Electrons regenerating ATP in a bio’l cell Potential Kinetic

13. The Roller Coaster http://www.ohiomathworks.org/themeparks/coastequation.gif

15. Kinetic • Energy • Potential • Energy • Elastic • Potential • Energy • Gravitation • Potential • Energy • Chemical • Potential • Energy How is all energy divided? • All Energy

16. What is Gravitational Potential Energy? • Potential energy due to an object’s position. • P.E. = mass x height x gravity Don’t look down, Rover! Good boy!

17. Gravitational Potential Energy • Depends on: • Mass • Height of object (more height = more potential). • Gravity pulling on object (objects on earth would have more potential energy than objects on the moon due to more gravitational pull on earth).

18. What is Elastic Potential Energy? • Potential energy due to compression or expansion of an elastic object. • Notice the ball compressing • and expanding

19. Elastic Potential Energy • Examples:

20. What is Chemical Potential Energy? • Potential energy stored within the chemical bonds of an object

21. Chemical Potential Energy

22. Factors that Affect Potential Energy • m = mass (kg) • h = height (m) • g = accel due to gravity • (9.8 m/s2)

23. Factors that Affect Potential Energy • Mass= the more mass an object has, the more potential energy it has.

25. Factors that Affect Potential Energy • Height = the higher the object is placed, the more potential energy it has.

26. Factors that Affect Potential Energy • Gravity = the more gravity pulling on an object, the more potential energy it has.

27. Mass = the more mass an object has, the more kinetic energy it has. Factors that Affect Kinetic Energy

28. Why would a high speed collision cause more damage than a low speed collision?

29. Factors that Affect Kinetic Energy • Speed or Velocity = the more speed an object has the more kinetic energy it has.

30. Diver A • Fastest Diver B

31. What is the source of our energy? • The source of practically all our energy is the Sun.

32. Energy due to a object’s motion (kinetic) or position (potential). The bowling ball has mechanical energy. When the ball strikes the pins, mechanical energy is transferred to the pins! What is Mechanical Energy?

33. Examples of Mechanical Energy

34. Light energy Includes energy from gamma rays, xrays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays, microwave and radio bands What is ElectromagneticEnergy?

35. Energy caused by the movement of electrons Easily transported through power lines and converted into other forms of energy What is Electrical Energy?

36. Energy that is available for release from chemical reactions. The chemical bonds in a matchstick store energy that is transformed into thermal energy when the match is struck. What is Chemical Energy?

37. Examples of Chemical Energy

38. Heat energy The heat energy of an object determines how active its atoms are. A hot object is one whose atoms and molecules are excited and show rapid movement. A cooler object's molecules and atoms will show lessmovement. What is Thermal Energy?

39. QUIZ TIME! What type of energy cooks food in a microwave oven? ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY What type of energy is the spinning plate inside of a microwave oven? MECHANICAL ENERGY

40. QUIZ TIME! Electrical energy is transported to your house through power lines. When you plug an electric fan to a power outlet, electrical energy is transform into what type of energy? MECHANICAL ENERGY

41. QUIZ TIME! What energy transformation occurs when an electric lamp is turned on? ELECTRICAL ENERGY  ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY

42. What types of energy are shown below? Mechanical and Thermal Energy (Don’t forget friction)

43. What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy

44. What types of energy are shown below? Electrical, Mechanical and Electromagnetic Energy

45. What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy (yummy)

46. What type of energy is shown below? Thermal Energy

47. What types of energy are shown below? Mechanical, Electromagnetic, Electrical, Chemical and Thermal Energy

48. The Law of Conservation of Energy • Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it may be transformed from one form into another, but the total amount of energy never changes.