The Scientific Method

1. The Scientific Method

2. We are going to make sure our plickers are in working order before we get started. Please take out our plickers and get ready for some conversion practice 

3. Date August 5, 2019 Goal: Students will be able to differentiate between the three types of variables in an experiment Warm-Up: What is the “scientific method” • Please take out:- Warm up sheets • Notebook • Glue stick • Keep your plickers out • Signed Lab Safety Contract Classwork: ~ Scientific Method Notes ~Independent and dependent variables with the myth busters Homework:- Metric Monsters Backpacks underneath the table

4. Flip book • Follow me on the doc camera

5. The Steps • Problem • Research • Hypothesis • Experimental Design • Collect Data • Analysis (Analyze Data) • Conclusions & Future Research

6. The Scientific Method • The steps you follow to do an experiment

7. Problem • Asks a testable question • “What is the effect of ….. on ……?” • “How does …. affect ……?” Testable question: What is the effect of cigarette smoke on lung cancer? Non-Testable Question: Why is pink the best color in the world?

8. Research • Gathers information about the variables • Control: the variables that must remain the same • Independent: the variable that is manipulated (changed) • Dependent: the variable that is measured (the outcome)

9. Example: • If you spend more time studying, then your grade will improve • Independent variable: • Amount of time spent studying • Dependent variable: • Grade • Control: • Student https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l0jTMDtX4WY

10. Hypothesis • Testable solution to the problem statement • Includes independent and dependent variables • Written as “If…. (IV)….. then… (DV)…. Because….. (research)” • Prediction of the results • Ok if it is wrong! • Example: If parents go to bed before teenagers, then strange things will happen, because there is no adult supervision.

12. Date August 6, 2019 Goal: Be able to differentiate between qualitative and quantitative data and develop a proper hypothesis Warm-Up: Explain the 3 types of variables used in an experiment. Please take out:- Warm up sheets - Classwork: - Continue scientific method notes - Homework:~Metric Monsters - Scientific method worksheet Backpacks underneath the table https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wlb7tLJy5AI

13. Experimental Design • Step by step instructions, detailed so that anyone can recreate • Complete List of Materials

14. Collecting Data • Chart your results in a data table that includes the independent and dependent variables • Include all observations Table 1: The Effect of Additives on the Temperature of Water

15. Analyzing Data (Analysis) • Create an appropriate graph for your quantitative (measured) results • Title- Includes the IV and DV • Axis Labeled including units • Legend of the data • Appropriate sizing • Summarize results in a paragraph form and include what you have learned from your table(s) and graph(s)

16. Quantitative vs Qualitative • QuaLitative • Description of what we observed • Ex: Its hot outside • QuaNtitative • Measurements of what we observed • Think quantity • Ex: Its 900F outside

17. Quantitative (1) vsQualitative (2) • The candy was sour = • Qualitative (2) • The bug was 5cm long = • Quantitative (1) • The flower is red = • Qualitative (2) • The mass of the beaker was 112g = • - Quantitative(1) • My fingernail is 2 cm long = • - Quantitative (1) • The slug was slimy = • - Qualitative (2)

18. Conclusion & Future Research • Restate the hypothesis • Tell whether hypothesis was supported or not and WHY • What problems could have impacted data? • Is the data reliable? (refer back to research) • Future experiments • This is where you state your opinion

19. What is the effect of a bird’s wing length on the speed of their flying? IV: bird’s wing length DV: flying speed 3 CV’s: type of bird, age of bird, weather, location, size of bird Hypothesis: If the bird has a longer wing length, then it will fly faster because it is able to use more thrust during each flap of the wing. What is the effect of minutes spent studying on the effect of test grades? IV: minutes spent studying DV: test grade 3 CV’s: grade level, teacher, subject material, amount of sleep Hypothesis: If students spend one hour studying for a test, then their grade will be higher because they will have had more time with the material and will be more confident in their knowledge.

20. What is the effect of plant food on the plant growth? IV: type of plant food DV: plant growth 3 CV’s: type of plant, age of plant, weather, amount of water Hypothesis: If the plant is given Miracle-Gro plant food, then it will grow taller because the food contains nitrogen which promotes plant growth. What is the effect of food color on the amount of food a goldfish will eat? IV: color of food DV: amount of food the goldfish eats 3 CV’s: amount of food, age of goldfish, amount of water, amount of distractions Hypothesis: If the food is green, then the goldfish will eat more food because it's food in the natural habitat is green and the goldfish will think it is actual plants.