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Ginning Efficiency Between Diverse Genetic Groups of Upland Cotton. Abstract
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Ginning Efficiency Between Diverse Genetic Groups of Upland Cotton Abstract The rising cost of energy in ginning cotton necessitates the evaluation of a diverse array of germplasm, currently available, for improving ginning efficiency. The objective was to study genetic variability for net ginning energy requirement and speed of ginning among five diverse groups of upland cotton cultivars which included 12 transgenic, 7 conventional, 13 strains and germplasm, 9 lines from backcross families, and 5 semi-naked seed cultivars. The materials were planted at Stoneville, in 2008 and 2009. Fifty boll bulk samples were harvested for each entry and ginned on a 10-saw laboratory gin stand where power consumed by the gin and time required to gin the material were recorded. Data on fiber quality, fuzz percent, lint turnout, fibers/seed, and boll weight were also recorded to check for associations between ginning efficiency and these traits. The semi-naked seed group averaged the lowest energy to gin, the lowest values for strength, length, fuzz percent, fibers/seed, and maturity ratio. Lower nep size, seed coat neps, and short fiber contents were also observed for the semi-naked seed group. Correlations between group means indicated positive association (P<0.01) between ginning rate and fibers/seed, ginning rate and lint percent for three of the groups. Negative associations (P<0.01) was observed between ginning rate and fuzz percent. Net ginning energy was positively associated with fiber length, strength and fuzz percent. Ginning rate was negatively and significantly affected by nep number. Nep size and nep number positively affected net ginning energy. The correlation between fuzz percent and fiber/seed with the other parameters appeared to be a useful tool in selecting cultivars with good ginning efficiency. Introduction . Increase capacity value and efficiency while preserving fiber quality (Valco and Ashley, 2008). Objective Study genetic variability for net ginning energy and ginning rate among five diverse groups of Upland cotton genotypes • Materials and Methods • . Twelve transgenic, 7 conventional, 12 strains and germplasm, 9 backcross, and 6 semi-naked • genotypes. • - RCBD, 2 locations, in 2008 and 2009 at Stoneville, MS. • - Plots were 12.2 m single rows, 1.0 m between rows, 2 reps in 2008 and 4 reps in 2009. • - Fifty random bolls were hand-picked from each plot. • Data on ginning energy (Wh kg-1 lint) was obtained from a power meter attached to a 10-saw • laboratory gin. • -Rate of ginning (g lint sec-1), HVI and AFIS quality parameters, fuzz %, lint %, fibers/seed, and boll • wt. were also recorded. • -Fiber/seed = (Li*10)/(stdfine/(1000000/Lw)) where Li = Lint index, stdfine = fineness/maturity ratio; • and Lw = Length by wt. (Bourland and Bird, 1983). • -PROC GLM (SAS, 2004). Efrem Bechere1, Clif Boykin2, and W.R. Meredith1 USDA-ARS-MSA 1Crop Genetics Research Unit and 2Cotton Ginning Research Unit Stoneville, MS 38776 • References • (1). Bourland, F.M. and L.S. Bird. 1983. Genetic evaluation of selected seed and seed-coat traits in cotton. The Journal of Heredity 74:118-120. • (2). Valco, T.D. and Ashley, H. 2008. The cotton ginning industry: Past, Present and Future. Beltwide Cotton Conferences, Nashville, TN. Jan. 8-11, 2008. Pp. 653-659.
