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Ethical considerations

Ethical considerations. By Mr Daniel Hansson . Ethical issues. An ethical consideration is a consideration of what is acceptable to do in a study. Researchers always have to balance between what they want to find out and the rights of participants. Ethical guidelines.

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Ethical considerations

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  1. Ethical considerations By Mr Daniel Hansson

  2. Ethical issues • An ethical consideration is a consideration of what is acceptable to do in a study. Researchers always have to balance between what they want to find out and the rights of participants.

  3. Ethical guidelines • Different professional organisations of psychologists have drawn up different set of guidelines or principles. Examples are American Psychological Association (APA) and British Psychological Society (BPS)

  4. Common ethical considerations • Informed consent • Use of deception • Protection from harm • The right to withdraw • Confidentiality • Privacy • Debriefing

  5. Task • Check what ethical considerations that was followed in your experiment

  6. Informed consent • Participants are formally asked to indicate their agreement to participate • They should be informed on the purpose of the experimentand their rights

  7. Informed consent • Participants might still not understand what they have let themselves into • May affect participants behaviour in the study • Presumptive consent can be given, i.e. asking a group of people whether they feel that the study is acceptable

  8. Deception • When the participant is deceived of the true aims of a study • Is sometimes necessary because otherwise participants might alter their behaviour to fit experimenters´ expectations • Deception prevents participants to give informed consent. Participants might not want to participate in the future

  9. Deception • There should be strong scientific or medical justification for deception • Costs should be weighed against benefits • Participants may feel embarrassed or have lowered self esteem

  10. The right to withdraw • Participants have the right to withdraw at any time during the study • Participants may feel they should not withdraw because it will spoil the study

  11. Protection from harm • Avoid any situation that may cause a participant to experience psychological or physical damage

  12. Confidentiality • Researchers should not record the real names of any participants, they should use numbers of false names

  13. Privacy • Do not observe anyone without their informed consent unless in a public space • Not always acceptable to observe in a public space, e.g. lovers on a park bench

  14. Debriefing • Participants are informed of the true nature of the study after the research has taken place • The aim of debriefing is to restore the participant to the state she was in at the start of the experiment

  15. Ethics assignment • Assess how ethical your experiment was. Give the study a score from 1 (very unethical) to 10 (very ethical)

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