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Lecture #2 Historical progress of aircraft structures. Structural layout and design models

Lecture #2 Historical progress of aircraft structures. Structural layout and design models. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES. 1903-1920. Frame structures, unstressed skin. Flyer 1903, Wright brothers, USA Take-off mass 283 kg, wingspan 12 m. 2.

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Lecture #2 Historical progress of aircraft structures. Structural layout and design models

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  1. Lecture #2 Historical progress of aircraft structures. Structural layout and design models

  2. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES 1903-1920. Frame structures, unstressed skin Flyer 1903, Wright brothers, USA Take-off mass 283 kg, wingspan 12 m 2

  3. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES 1903-1920. Frame structures, unstressed skin Ilya Muromets, Russian Empire, 1913 Take-off mass 7 000 kg, wingspan 31.1 m 3

  4. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES Frame airplane structures used nowadays Piper J-3 Cub, 1938 still in service 4

  5. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES Frame airplane structures used nowadays Steen Skybolt, 1970 aerobatic biplane 5

  6. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES 1920-1930. Monoplanes and corrugated skin introduced Tupolev TB-3, Soviet Union, 1932 Take-off mass 19 500 kg, wingspan 39.5 m 6

  7. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES 1920-1930. Monoplanes and corrugated skin introduced KhAI-1, Soviet Union, 1932 Take-off mass 2 600, max. speed 324 km/h 7

  8. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES 1930-1940. Aluminium extensively used, stressed skin. Method of reduction coefficients developed (1932). Messerschmitt Bf.109, Germany, 1935 Take-off mass 3 375 kg, max. speed 720 km/h 8

  9. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES 1940-1950. Sweptback wings, thick stressed skin, thin-walled beam structure. Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15, Soviet Union, 1949 Take-off mass 4 917 kg, wingspan 10 m 9

  10. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES 1950-1960. Triangle wings, specific passenger aircraft. Rise of fatigue, vibration and aeroelasticity problems Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21, Soviet Union, 1959 Take-off mass 10 100 kg, max.speed 2230 km/h 10

  11. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES 1950-1960. Triangle wings, specific passenger aircraft. Rise of fatigue, vibration and aeroelasticity problems De Havilland DH.106 Comet, Great Britain, 1949 Take-off mass 73.5 ton, wingspan 35 m 11

  12. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES 1950-1960. Triangle wings, specific passenger aircraft. Rise of fatigue, vibration and aeroelasticity problems Antonov An-10, Soviet Union, 1957 Take-off mass 51 ton, wingspan 38 m 12

  13. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES 1960-1970. Variable sweep wings, new heat-resistant materials. Rise of passenger fleet. Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23, Soviet Union, 1967 Take-off mass 20 100 kg, max.speed 2500 km/h 13

  14. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES 1970-1980. Wide-body passenger aircraft Boeing 747, USA, 1969 Take-off mass 340.2 ton, wingspan 59.6 m 14

  15. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES 1980-1990. Extra-large cargo aircraft Antonov 124, USSR, 1982 Take-off mass 402 ton, payload 150 ton, wingspan 73.3 m 15

  16. HISTORICAL PROGRESS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES 1990-nowadays. Wide use of new materials (composite materials, titanium alloys) Boeing 787 Dreamliner, USA, 2009 Take-off mass 245 ton, wingspan 60 m 16

  17. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Structural analysis is the determination of the effects of loads on physical structures and their components. As a science, structural analysis covers principles and methods of strength, rigidity and stability calculations. The goal of structural analysis is to get the efficient structure and verify its fitness for use. 17

  18. FLOWCHART OF STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 18

  19. FLOWCHART OF STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 19

  20. FLOWCHART OF STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 20

  21. FLOWCHART OF STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 21

  22. METHODS OF STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 22

  23. METHODS OF STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 23

  24. TOPIC OF THE NEXT LECTURE Analytical and numerical methods of structural analysis 24

  25. DEPARTMENT LIBRARY All materials of our course will be available at department website k102.khai.edu 1. Go to the page “Библиотека” 2. Press “Structural Mechanics (lecturer Vakulenko S.V.)” 25

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