CIVITAS Forum 27-29 September 2010 Malmö (Sweden)

1. CIVITAS Forum 27-29 September 2010 Malmö (Sweden) Klaus Stolzenburg, PLANET GbR Engineering and Consulting

2. Continuity • String of projects: • CUTE, 9 sites (2001 – 2006)ECTOS (2001 – 2005)STEP (2004 – 2007) • HyFLEET:CUTE10 sites on 3 continents withdifferent topography, climate and traffic31 partners, 2006 - 2009 • CHIC5 sites in Europe, larger fleets2010 - 2016 all projects co-financed by the EUexcept STEP HyFLEET:CUTE Demonstration Sites CIVITAS Forum l27-29 September 2010 l Malmö l Klaus Stolzenburg

3. The World’s Largest Hydrogen Powered Bus Project / 1 • Comprehensive Scope • Demonstration of 47 hydrogen buses & their refueling infrastructures in revenue service • 33 buses with fuel cell • 14 buses with internal combustion engine • Assessment Framework to evaluate performance • Guiding questions • Performance indicators,such as availability, root causes for downtime, specific power consumption • Coherent definitions that allow meaningful comparison across, for example, 10 individual infrastructures • Daily data collection, online tool Luxembourg fuel cell busBerlin internal combustion engine bus CIVITAS Forum l27-29 September 2010 l Malmö l Klaus Stolzenburg

4. The World’s Largest Hydrogen Powered Bus Project / 2 • Comprehensive Scope • Accompanying studies, such as • Life cycle analyses • Hydrogen cost model • Customer acceptance • Education and training • Dissemination • Development and testing of a next-generation fuel cell hybrid prototype bus • Public final report with achievements and learnings available on www.global-hydrogen-bus-platform.com Amsterdam hydrogen production unitBerlin dispenser CIVITAS Forum l27-29 September 2010 l Malmö l Klaus Stolzenburg

5. Key Figures • Buses • More than 2.600.000 km in service * • More than 170.000 service hours * • More than 8,5 million passengers * • Vehicle Availability 92% (range: 79% - 96%) • Infrastructure • More than 555.000 kg hydrogen refuelled, replacing over 1 million litres of diesel * • Station availability 89,8% (range: 61% - 99,6%) • Share of renewable energy used for on-site generation of hydrogen: 79% • Data up to July 2009; * = Figure includes CUTE, ECTOS and STEP CIVITAS Forum l27-29 September 2010 l Malmö l Klaus Stolzenburg

6. Infrastructure: Challenges & Solutions / 1 • Technology: Advance on series development needed • Improvement of key components • compressors, dispensing equipment, hydrogen meters • System level: • Specific energy consumption (for both on-site hydrogen generation and refueling) • Improved integration, simplification and modularisation • Reduced footprint / compact design, including underground hydrogen storage • Reduction of refueling time • Purity requirements and purity monitoring significant cost factor Madrid reformer Hamburg compressor CIVITAS Forum l27-29 September 2010 l Malmö l Klaus Stolzenburg

7. Infrastructure: Challenges & Solutions / 2 • Beyond technology: Exchange of information • Task Force for Safety and Security (infrastructure) • Incident Report Form developed • Internal discussion of incidents • Externally: Jointly facing turn-key infrastructure suppliers and component manufacturers • Approvals for hydrogen infrastructure • Effort for licensing not a matter of technological complexity • “Educating” the local regulatory officials required to prevent “over-engineering” of safety measures • Internal training to establish and convey the best operational practices CIVITAS Forum l27-29 September 2010 l Malmö l Klaus Stolzenburg

8. Technological Breakthroughs • Buses • New fuel cell hybrid bus being demonstrated • Smaller fuel cell stack, longer lifetime • Reduction of fuel consumption by 50% • High-voltage battery for peak power and energy recovery • Simpler maintenance and service • Fuel • Challenges as mentioned to be met • Online hydrogen quality monitoring CIVITAS Forum l27-29 September 2010 l Malmö l Klaus Stolzenburg

9. Community Engagement, Training and Dissemination • Key Elements • Guidelines for Local Community Engagement when Implementing Hydrogen Powered Transport • Working with various groups from the community • List of Do’s and Don’t, Two case studies • Customer Acceptance Study • Majority positive about hydrogen • “Need more information” often stated potential opponents if not supported • Generally: Difficult to reach the “Unconverted” • External workshops attended mainly by parties already having made a decision “pro hydrogen” • High-level decision makers often reluctant to take interest www.global-hydrogen-bus-platform.com Information Centre  Working with Communities CIVITAS Forum l27-29 September 2010 l Malmö l Klaus Stolzenburg

10. Strategies to Stimulate the Market • At various levels • Making the customer well informed and curious • Amsterdam: Free travel on fuel cell buses • Hamburg: Chain of 9 fuel cell buses driving through the main shopping area • Bus visits to school yards, classes coming to the local hydrogen station with show room • Founding of the Hydrogen Bus Alliance • Strategy document addressing manufacturers • Concerted action to tackle the “vehicles vs. infrastructure first” chicken-and-egg problem • There should be no “hydrogen versus electric vehicles” but joint efforts. CIVITAS Forum l27-29 September 2010 l Malmö l Klaus Stolzenburg

11. Outlook • Be CHIC and network! • New project CHIC, 2010 - 2016 (Clean Hydrogen In European Cities) • 5 project sites with public refueling facilities open for cars • 4 associated sites with ongoing activities(“Phase 0 regions”) • Links to “Phase 2 regions” that have projects in the pipeline and want to learn  Continuity and information exchange • Because it’s far more than innovative technology. CIVITAS Forum l27-29 September 2010 l Malmö l Klaus Stolzenburg

12. Thank you Klaus Stolzenburg PLANET GbR Engineering and Consulting, Donnerschweer Strasse 89/91, 26123 Oldenburg, Germany k.stolzenburg@planet-energie.de www.planet-energie.de CIVITAS Forum l27-29 September 2010 l Malmö l Klaus Stolzenburg