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Islamic Architecture

Islamic Architecture. Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp. Topics. Private Structures Site Orientation Floor Plans Facades Selected Structures. Islamic Architecture: Private Structures. Palaces and townhouses were common among rulers and the wealthy in Islam Very often fortified

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Islamic Architecture

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  1. Islamic Architecture Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp

  2. Topics • Private Structures • Site Orientation • Floor Plans • Facades • Selected Structures

  3. Islamic Architecture: Private Structures • Palaces and townhouses were common among rulers and the wealthy in Islam • Very often fortified • Provided for seclusion and protection • Interior courtyards were very common among both palaces and townhouses • Represented the splendorous, luxurious lives of the wealthy

  4. Islamic Architecture: Private Structures Photo: Sullivan

  5. Islamic Architecture: Private Structures • Site Orientation • Palaces were normally sited on high points, such as hills, and defensible positions • In cities, public townhouses were situated in private areas away from public structures • Both were built around exteriors depicting the Muslim paradise • Lush gardens • Fountains and water channels

  6. Islamic Architecture: Private Structures Photo: Sullivan

  7. Islamic Architecture: Private Structures • Floor Plans • Palaces and houses both consisted of groups of rectangular rooms interconnected around courtyards and gardens • In palaces, entrance doorways usually opened into large public meeting places, such as the modern living room • Materials • Most Islamic domestic structures were constructed of wood on stone or brick foundations

  8. Islamic Architecture: Private Structures • Facades • Palaces normally consisted of a plain exterior • Little architectural detailing except at entranceways and rooflines • Interior courtyards usually featured intricate decoration and architectural detail • Town houses were normally multi-storied structures that project over each other • Carved beams were normally featured on the floor supports

  9. Islamic Architecture: Private Structures • Windows • Typically varied in size and placement • Dependent on the purpose of the room or structure • Most windows featured shutters for privacy • Roofs • Most Islamic private dwellings consisted of clay-tile roofs

  10. Islamic Architecture: Private Structures • The Alhambra • Built by Ibn al-Ahmar • Famous Islamic palace in Granada, Spain • Features a mosque, court complexes, a bath, and royal residential quarters Photo: Sullivan

  11. Islamic Architecture: Private Structures • The Alhambra • Lion Court • Greek derived peristyle court • Three-dimensional architectural decoration formed by stucco/wood into a network of open cell • Resembles a cross-section of a honeycomb

  12. Islamic Architecture: Private Structures Photo: Sullivan

  13. Islamic Architecture: Private Structures Photo: Sullivan

  14. Islamic Architecture: Private Structures Photo: Sullivan

  15. Islamic Architecture: Private Structures Photo: Sullivan

  16. Islamic Architecture: Selected Architecture • Mosque of Suleyman • Located in Constantinople • Huge, domed structure • Appears to float above a ring of light formed by closely spaced windows at the base • Features a Minaret tower • Religious symbol where the faithful are called to prayer

  17. Islamic Architecture: Selected Architecture Photo: Sullivan

  18. Islamic Architecture: Selected Architecture Photo: Sullivan

  19. Islamic Architecture: Selected Architecture Photo: Sullivan

  20. Islamic Architecture: Selected Architecture • Umayyad Great Mosque • Built within the ruins of the walls of a Roman temple precinct in Damascus, Syria • Developed to function as a large assembly place Photo: Sullivan

  21. Islamic Architecture: Selected Architecture Photo: Sullivan

  22. Islamic Architecture: Selected Architecture • Mausoleum Complex of Sultan Hasan al-Nasir • Located in Cairo, Egypt • c. 1356 - 1362. Photo: Sullivan

  23. Islamic Architecture: Selected Architecture Photo: Sullivan

  24. Islamic Architecture: Selected Architecture Photo: Sullivan

  25. References • Sullivan, Mary; http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/ • http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html • Trachtenburg/Hyman; Architecture: From Prehistory to Postmodernity • Wodehouse/Moffett; A History of Western Architecture

  26. Islamic Architecture Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp

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