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G1: Community Ecology

G1: Community Ecology. G.1.1 Outline the ( a biotic ) factors that affect the distribution of plant species-- . Example: sand dune community Temperature & Water Foredune —very hot in summer, little water Grass adapted to conditions

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G1: Community Ecology

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  1. G1: Community Ecology

  2. G.1.1 Outline the (abiotic) factors that affect the distribution of plant species-- • Example: sand dune community • Temperature& Water • Foredune—very hot in summer, little water • Grass adapted to conditions • Long roots find water; leaves can curl to save water and resist heat • Mature dune—much cooler, more moist • More species diversity • Example –“forest” floor--ferns (low light, moist conditions)

  3. G.1.1 Outline the (abiotic) factors that affect the distribution of plant species-- • Light • Grasses in high light • Thin leaves reduce water loss, withstand heat • Ferns – low light • Wide leaves capture the small amt light / shade • Soil pH • pH varies among dune regions • Yellow dune- soil pH 7.5 (grass here too, thrives @ pH) • Grey dune-decomposition of lots grasses, soil more rich, more acidic (acid-loving heathers here)

  4. G.1.1 Outline the (abiotic) factors that affect the distribution of plant species-- • Salinity • Foredunes get salt spray • Grasses can tolerate it • Grey dune less salty • Small shrubs, mosses, lichen • Mineral nutrients • Grey dune – diversity of plants, older region, has mineral content to support shrubs, etc. • Mature dune – way inland, lots of nutrient-rich soil, oldest region (soil building up 100s yrs), can support large trees (ash, birch, oak)

  5. G.1.2 Explain the factors that affect the distribution of ANIMAL species, including • Example: Indiana Dunes, Lake Michigan • Temperature • Animals adapted for hot/cold temps • Sand wolf spider: foredune dweller, extreme high temps—lives in deep burrow (behavioral adaptation) • Woodland spider: live in trees (shade, cooler)-mature dune • Water • Water for eggs, aquatic animals for food • Heron-catches fish/frogs, lives near water • Woodpecker-eats insects in trees, lives in mature dune

  6. G.1.2 Explain the factors that affect the distribution of ANIMAL species, including • Breeding sites • Nesting sites • Protection from sun, wind; mature dune, wetlands • Habitat loss!  • Food supply • Generalists, specialists • Raccoons, skunks, foxes-move to where food is located; nocturnal • Rabbits-burrows in foredune, near grass (food) • Territory • Packs of coyotes, scent to mark space • May or may not overlap

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