“Passwords are No Longer Sufficient”

1. “Passwords are No Longer Sufficient” Brian Rivers University of Georgia

2. For systems that provide access to sensitive and restricted information systems • Requires something you have (hardware token) in addition to something you know (username + password) • Over 1700 employees currently using ArchPass to access these systems

3. Session Outcomes • Understand how ordinary user credentials are no longer sufficient and how multi-factor authentication adds an additional layer of protection that would have prevented recent incidents • Understand how multi-factor authentication can integrate into complex, decentralized technical architectures in a timely and cost-effective manner. • Understand the human dimension, placing the implementation in the context of business functions, user requirements, and involve critical stakeholders across the institution.

4. Session Outcomes • This could save your bacon. • “So easy a caveman can do it.” • We really can play nice in the sandbox.

5. The Threat

7. Data Breaches in the News June 17th, 2013 20:53 GMT By Eduard Kovacs

8. Victims by Location 73% Data breaches 2012 • Australia 7% • Canada 3% • UK 2% • Brazil 1.2% • Other 20.8% data source: Trustwave Global Security Report

9. Attackers by Location 29% Originated in US • Romania 33.4% • Ukraine 4.4% • China 3.9% • Unknown 14.8% data source: Trustwave Global Security Report

10. Phishing / Malicious Spam 10% Of spam emails sent daily are malicious @ • 14 billion malicious spam daily • 9.8 billion messages contain links to websites that will infect your computer data source: Trustwave Global Security Report

11. Phishing Attacks data source: http://markn.ca/2011/whaling/

12. The Response

13. Changing the Culture • Creating awareness – “Information security is non-negotiable, and it’s everybody’s business” • Accept Change – “Institutions need to adopt common sense measures that move the pendulum back so that a balance is struck between user convenience and security” • Invest in Technology – “Tools such as anti-virus, digital loss prevention (DLP) software, and multi-factor authentication reduce attack surfaces dramatically”

14. ArchPass - Business Functionality and User Impacts • UGA Culture and Background • UGA has a strong culture of compliance and a willingness to improve information security however, • ArchPass would need to overcome: • UGA’s decentralized administrative structures • Institutional skepticism and reluctance to add administrative burden

15. Business Functionality and Impacts • Role of the Administrative Systems Advisory Council (ASAC) • Involve UGA business units and stakeholders with shared responsibility in the delivery and support of information technology, application, and data needs of the University community. • Represent the entire University when making administrative system recommendations. Thus ASAC has broad representation from each of Vice Presidents and major units and extends itself to gather feedback from special interest groups.

16. Business Functionality and Impacts • ASAC Approach to ArchPass • Review initial proposal from the VP for IT for phase one of a multi-factor authentication program. • Recommend criteria for systems required to use ArchPass, policy and procedure, and an exception process.

17. Business Functionality and Impacts • ASAC Approach to ArchPass (continued) • Gather input and feedback on the recommendations from University-wide user groups. • Provide this feedback to IT. This feedback was key to implementing a program with University-wide acceptance. The User community was part of the decision-making and the overall process.

18. Business Functionality and Impacts • Key Concerns Expressed by Users and ASAC • Creating an exception process (both opt-in and opt-out) with appropriate vetting, risk assessment, and functional and technical management approval. • Access to systems from off-site locations, especially during emergencies. • University recognition that this was ‘Phase I’ and not ‘end state’. Need to monitor, adjust, and update policy/procedure over time.

19. ArchPass - Business Functionality and User Impacts • Post Implementation Feedback • “It is easy to use.” • “Has become a way of life, just like using my UGA ID card for building access.” • Status Symbol of sorts – “My co-worker has an ArchPass, why don’t I have one?”

20. Implementation

21. Multifactor Authentication Strategy The University of Georgia elected to deploy a network (VPN) based 2-Factor authentication using hardware tokens. Decision Factors were • Timeliness of Deployment • Diversity and age of platforms being protected • Supportability of authentication platform

23. ArchPass Project Timeline The Technology

24. Network Level Multifactor • Pros:  • No application modifications needed for integration (good option for legacy applications) • Central logging of network behaviors • Protects against application & OS authentication vulnerabilities • Leverages tried & true VPN security technology • Cons: • VPN client required for access • Possible spoofing risks if done incorrectly

25. Hardware Token Solution • Pros:  • Tried & true solution • Lower complexity in support model • Avoids BYOD support & function issues • Avoids multi-platform support issues • Cons: • Deployment overhead • Per Unit hardware/software cost is higher • Software Tokens are currently under investigation for Phase 2

26. Data Containment Strategy The University of Georgia deployed a Secure Virtual Desktop Infrastructure along with Data Loss prevention technology within the Secure Network zone. • Glove box for user data processing • Controlled desktop with application safe-listing • Highly restricted browser access • Detailed access and use logging

27. Cost Estimates Below are possible cost estimates for a 500 user implementation. UGA ongoing support estimates approximately 1/3rd FTE.

28. Questions