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Slavery and Secession

Slavery and Secession. Anna Diekemper and Dolly Dadds 5 th hour US History. Dred Scott vs. Sanford. Dred Scott was born into slavery in 1799 Spent all his life as a slave and never learned how to read or write Owned by Dr. Emerson and wife

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Slavery and Secession

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  1. Slavery and Secession Anna Diekemper and Dolly Dadds 5th hour US History

  2. Dred Scott vs. Sanford • Dred Scott was born into slavery in 1799 • Spent all his life as a slave and never learned how to read or write • Owned by Dr. Emerson and wife • Followed Dr. Emerson to Illinois and the Wisconsin Territory - Congress banned slavery in Illinois and the Wisconsin Territory in the Missouri Compromise • Slaves - Constantly on the move by being forced to follow their owners or they were sold as part of the domestic slave trade • Slaveholders - Opposed legal precedents that permitted slaves to demand their own freedom after being transported places that prohibited slavery

  3. Dred Scott vs. Sanford • Dr. Emerson died, wife sold out the Scott family to another family in St. Louis • Scott family sued • Claimed since they had previously resided in a free state, they should be granted their freedom • Dred Scott believed that since he was once free, it was not possible for him to forcibly be returned as a slave • Dr. Emerson’s widow won the case • Scott’s lawyers had no further evidence proving that Emerson was holding Scott as a slave • Scott was granted a retrial

  4. Dred Scott vs. SanfordThe Decision • On March 6, 1857: Missouri Compromise declared unconstitutional - Ruled in favor of Sanford. • Congress had no right to regulate slaves in the states Dred Scott technically not considered a citizen - Not allowed to bring the case in federal court Denied state and federal citizenship for African Americans Gave the slaves no right to sue - Considered an owner’s property “This atrocious [very bad] decision furnishes final confirmation of the already well-known fact that, under the Constitution and government of the United States, the colored people are nothing and be nothing but an alien, disfranchised [deprived of rights], and degraded class.” - Robert Purvis

  5. Dred Scott vs. SanfordThe Effects • Raised controversy among the Northern and Southern states • Slavery opened to all states • More anti-slavery movements were created

  6. The Lecompton Constitution • President Buchanan endorsed proslavery • Received Southern support • Free-Soldiers rejected the constitution • Outnumbered proslavery settlers in Kansas • Protected the rights of slaveholders • Legislature called for a referendum • Voted against - Buchanan claimed Free-Soldiers were overreacting

  7. The Lecompton Constitution • Stephen Douglas opposed the constitution • Did not care “whether [slavery] is voted down or voted up.” • Goal of popular sovereignty • Didn’t allow voters the right to outlaw slavery • Support of Republicans and Northern Democrats • Persuaded Congress to authorize the Constitution again • Viewed as traitor to the Southerners

  8. Disagreements Between Douglas and Lincoln Douglas • Democrat • Supported the Dred Scott decision which equated slaves to property • Argued that Lincoln was an abolitionist who hoped to end slavery altogether • Used fear to fight against Lincoln • Claimed that if Lincoln won, freed blacks would move to Illinois and take jobs from whites Lincoln • Wanted the extension of slavery into US territories • Was not fighting for political or social equality for blacks • Forced Douglas to explain his support of poplar sovereignty which led to the Freeport Doctrine

  9. The Freeport Doctrine • People in a new territory should be able to decide whether or not they would allow slavery • Some Democrats disagreed • - Allowed for the abolition of slavery • Antislavery forces in the Democratic Party were unhappy • - Slavery would be extended. Second of seven debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas Douglas wished to restore the doctrine of popular sovereignty Douglas had stated that slavery could be legally barred from the territories if the legislature of the territory refused to enact the police regulations needed to make slavery work Caused the Democratic Party to split Lost support in the South

  10. “The people have the lawful means [way] to introduce it or exclude it [shut it out] as they please. for the reason that slavery cannot exist a day or an hour anywhere, unless it is supported by local police regulations.” - Stephen Douglas

  11. “We shall lie down pleasantly dreaming that the people of Missouri are on the verge of [close to] making their state free; and we shall awake to the reality, instead, that the Supreme Court has made Illinois a slave state.” - Abraham Lincoln “I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved; I do not expect the house to fall; but I do expect it will cease to be divided.” - Abraham Lincoln, acceptance speech, 1858 Republican Party state convention http://www.history.com/topics/dred-scott-case/videos#gilder-lehrman-house-divided

  12. Results of the Lincoln and Douglas Debates • Lincoln was nominated for president in 1860 • Published transcripts of the previous debates into book form • Caught the attention of the Republican Party • Ran against Douglas for the position of the president • Views on slavery were a contributing factor in his victory of the presidency Douglas defeated Lincoln in the race for the seat in the Illinois Senate Because senators were chosen by state legislature, Democrats were able to take control over the Illinois legislature

  13. Works Cited Boyer, Paul S., and Paul S. Boyer. "Chapter 11 Section 3." Holt American Nation. Austin: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 2003. 358- 359. Print. "Causes of the Civil War Timeline." Dipity - Find, Create, and Embed Interactive Timelines. Underlying Inc. Web. 18 Oct. 2011.< http://www.dipity.com/leftync1128/Causes-of-the-Civil-War_1/>. "Chapter 15 Section 3." Call to Freedom. Austin, TX: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2004. 464-66. Print. Danzer, Gerald A. The Americans. Orlando, FL: Holt McDougal/Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2012. Print. "Dred Scott." Africa Within. Web. 18 Oct. 2011. <http://www.africawithin.com/bios/dred_scott.htm>. "Dred Scott Case — History.com Articles, Video, Pictures and Facts." History.com — History Made Every Day — American & World History. Web. 18 Oct. 2011. <http://www.history.com/topics/dred-scott-case>. "The Freeport Doctrine." Civics Online - [Re]Envisioning the Democratic Community. Web. 18 Oct. 2011. <http://www.civics-online.org/library/formatted/texts/freeport.html>.

  14. Works Cited continued… "Lincoln-Douglas Debates - History of the Lincoln-Douglas Debates." American History From About. Web. 18 Oct. 2011.<http://americanhistory.about.com/od/civilwarmenu/a/lincoln_douglas.htm.> "Lincoln vs Douglas & Obama vs. McCain." Kelsey's Blog. Web. 18 Oct. 2011. <http://kelseyjmurphy.blogspot.com/2008/10/lincoln-vs-douglas-obama-vs-mccain.html>. TAKS-M April. Texas Education Agency, 2009. Web. 17 Oct. 2011. <http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us /student.assessment/resources/online/2009/taksm_g08_s8socialstudiesm.htm>.

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