The Basics of Quality Control for Insect Rearing 2013

1. The Basics of Quality Control for Insect Rearing2013 Norm Leppla University of Florida Department of Entomology and Nematology

2. I. Introduction Norm’s Career in Insect Rearing • University of Arizona- Insect rearing research, 2 years • USDA, ARS- Insectary management, Florida and Texas, 17 years • USDA, APHIS- Methods development, Washington DC and international, 7 years • University of Florida- Integrated pest management and Biological Control, 16 years • Chemical ecology and quality of Spalangiacameroni (Erika Machtinger) • Rearing and quality of Tamarixiaradiata (Chris Kerr)

3. Countries of Workshop Students

4. Quality Control Topics • Introduction- Learning how to rear quality insects • Colony Establishment and Maintenance • Monitoring Quality • Evaluation and Management • Guidelines for Quality Systems • Total Quality Management

5. Learning How to Rear High Quality Insects • Apprentice in an insectary • Network with other professionals • Literature plus trial-and-error • Visit other insectaries • Reviews by experts • Education and Training programs

6. MSU Insect Rearing Workshop Frank Davis John Schneider

8. Online Rearing Courses- 2013 • An Introduction to Insect Rearing • Physical Aspects of Insect Rearing • Biological Aspects of Insect Rearing • Following Insectary SOPs: How and Why? 2004 http://insectdiets.com/

9. Insectary Manager Network Anyone associated with the mass rearing of insects 65 Members http://www.entsoc.org/

10. Insect Rearing Professionals Google Group Subscribe: (leonwesterd@gmail.com) Léon Westerd Group moderator Head of insect rearing Wageningen UR, Netherlands

11. VI. Total Quality Management

12. Parts of an Insect Rearing System

13. Generic Guidelines for Quality Systems • Policy, Planning and Administration • Design Assurance and Change Control • Control of Purchased Materials • Production Quality Control • User Contact and Field Performance • Corrective Action • Employees- Select, Train and Motivate

14. A Complete QA System

17. II. Colony Establishment and Maintenance II. A. Purposes for Rearing InsectsII. B. Types of Insect Rearing SystemsII. C. Options for Colonizing InsectsII. D. Maintaining the Quality of Colonized Insects

18. II. A. Purposes for Rearing Insects

19. White witch, Thysaniaagrippina(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae

20. II. B. Types of Insect Rearing Systems Small-Scale Rearing: Butterflies Painted Lady Monarch

21. “Insect rearing is never a boring task; insects are always doing something interesting and pose new challenges all the time” Annie Lorie Punky Rogers Medium-Scale Rearing

22. Mass Rearing- Medfly El Pino, Guatemala Capacity- 3.5 billion sterile male pupae per week Metapa, Mexico

23. Honolulu, Hawaii Nori Tanaka

24. II. C. Options for Colonizing Insects Peter Ebling Insect Producer Database Mgr. Great Lakes Forestry Centre 1219 Queen St. East Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 2E5 peter.ebling@nrcan.gc.ca (705) 541-5517

25. World-wide listing, 35 insect & 21 nematode orders • Data submitted by sources • Searchable database • Expand clients • Adopt-a-colony http://www.insect.glfc.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca

26. Field Collecting Cabbage Loopers

27. Continuous Improvement of Insect Rearing Capability

28. II. D. Maintaining the Quality of Colonized Insects

32. Maintaining the Quality of Colonized Insects • Collection of appropriate biotypes • Colonization and strain development • Rearing proficiency • Colony management • Optimization • Strain replacement

33. III. Monitoring Quality III. A. Quality Control Criteria and Standardized Tests III. B. Sampling for Consistent Quality III. C. Production, Process and Product Control

34. III. A. Quality Control Criteria and Standardized Tests • Quantity- Number of Pupae or Adults • Size- Weight of Pupae • Fecundity- Oviposition and Egg Hatch • Rate of Development-Synchronization • Adult Behavior-Flight, Longevity • Field Performance- Achieve Purpose

35. Specifications- Requirements for a product or service Standards- The level of quality at which a specification is written

37. III. B. Sampling for Consistent Quality Count = Measurement = N Mean = Sum/Number of Counts = X Variance = Sum of (N – X)2 / n-1 = 2 Standard Deviation = Square Root of 2 = SD

38. Number of Cabbage Looper Pupae Per Rearing Container Shelf 1 is lowest

39. Quality Control Charts

40. III. C. Production, Process and Product Control

41. IV. Evaluation and Management IV. A. Structured Diagnostic Procedures IV. B. Quality Control versus Methods Improvement IV. C. Periodic Review

42. IV. A. Structured Diagnostic Procedures

43. IV. B. Quality Control Versus Methods Improvement Quality Control • Monitor indicator variables • Evaluate multiple variables • Troubleshoot using QC data • Conduct evaluations rapidly • Goal is to restore stable production Methods Improvement • Conduct evaluations methodically • Test one variable at a time • Use controlled experiments • Test results in the production system • Goal is to optimize production

45. Olivefly Methods Improvement Bactrocera oleae FAO/IAEA Entomology Unit Seibersdorf, Austria - 2009

46. Eggs hatched Eggs laid Eggs/Cage Sex ratio male:female

47. Eggs laid Eggs Hatched Total eggs laid Number of females

48. Eggs laid Eggs hatched Total eggs laid Number of males

49. Olivefly Methods Improvement

50. IV. C. Periodic Review