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Sonnets

Sonnets. Iambic Pentameter. Definition. A sonnet is a 14-line poem in iambic pentameter with a carefully patterned rhyme scheme. SOME QUICK DEFINITIONS: End rhyme: rhyming at the end of the line Rhyme scheme: the pattern of end rhymes Ex. : He had a box a In which the fox a

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Sonnets

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  1. Sonnets Iambic Pentameter

  2. Definition A sonnet is a 14-line poem in iambic pentameter with a carefully patterned rhyme scheme. SOME QUICK DEFINITIONS: • End rhyme: rhyming at the end of the line • Rhyme scheme: the pattern of end rhymes • Ex. : He had a box a In which the fox a Would sit all day b And waste away b

  3. Types of Sonnets The Italian, or Petrarchan sonnet, was named after Francesco Petrarch, the Italian poet. Its 14 lines break into an octave: • usually rhymes abbaabba, • Sometimes rhymes abbacddc, or • even (rarely) abababab; and a sestet, which may rhyme • xyzxyz or • xyxyxy, or any of the multiple variations possible using only two or three rhyme-sounds.

  4. Translation of Petrarch's Rima, Sonnet 134 a b b a a b b a c d d c e e I find no peace, and all my war is done; I fear and hope; I burn and freeze like ice; I fly above the wind, yet can I not arise; And nought I have, and all the world I seize on; That looseth nor locketh holdeth me in prison And holdeth me not, yet can I 'scape nowise; Nor letteth me live nor die at my device, And yet of death it giveth none occasion. Withouten eyen, I see; and without tongue I plain; I desire to perish, and yet I ask health; I love another, and thus I hate myself; I feed me in sorrow, and laugh in all my pain; Likewise displeaseth me both death and life; And my delight is causer of this strife. Translated by Sir Thomas Wyatt (1503-1542)

  5. Types of Sonnets The English or Shakespearean sonnet, consists of three quatrains and a couplet; that is, it rhymes abab cdcd efef gg. Shakespeare wrote many sonnets that are still read and enjoyed today.

  6. Sonnet 18 • Read Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 • On your sheet, identify the rhyme scheme. • Divide the sonnet into three stanzas and identify the concluding couplet. • Paraphrase each stanza. What images appear in each stanza?

  7. Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 a b a b c d c d e f e f g g Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd; But thy eternal summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest: So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this and this gives life to thee.

  8. Sonnet 130 • Read Shakespeare’s Sonnet 130 • On your sheet, identify the rhyme scheme. • Divide the sonnet into three stanzas and identify the concluding couplet. • Paraphrase each stanza. What images appear in each stanza? • How does Shakespeare seem to mock or make fun of other love poems in this particular sonnet? • What message does Shakespeare send about the idea of true love in this sonnet? Do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

  9. Shakespeare’s Sonnet 130 a b a b c d c d e f e f g g My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips' red; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. I have seen roses damask'd, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks; And in some perfumes is there more delight Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. I love to hear her speak, yet well I know That music hath a far more pleasing sound; I grant I never saw a goddess go; My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground: And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare.

  10. Iambic Pentameter A line of iambic pentameter is a line of poetry which follows this pattern of weak and strong stresses: weak STRONG weak STRONG weak STRONG weak STRONG weak STRONG It breaks into five feet, like this: weak STRONG / weak STRONG / weak STRONG / weak STRONG / weak STRONG

  11. Example: Shakespeare’s Sonnet 116 Unstressed Weak Stressed Strong ’ Let me not to the marriage of true minds Admit impediments. Love is not love Which alters when it alteration finds, Or bends with the remover to remove: O no! it is an ever-fixed mark That looks on tempests and is ne’er shaken; It is the star to ev’ry wand’ring bark, Whose worth's unknown, although his height be ta’en. Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks Within his bending sickle's compass come: Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, But bears it out e’en to the edge of doom. If this be error and upon me proved, I never writ, nor no man ever loved.

  12. We’ve got the beat!

  13. Can you sound the phrase out? • i DO not LIKE green EGGS and HAM • i DO not LIKE them, SAM i AM • I AM a PI rate WITH a WOOD en LEG

  14. Time to create! • Compose a line written in iambic pentameter!

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