1 / 12

Enlightenment Thinkers

Enlightenment Thinkers. Ren é Descartes (1596 –1650). French philosopher and mathematician Questioned the basis of his own knowledge “Cogito ergo sum”. The French Salon and the Philosophes. Madame de Pompadour Salons : gatherings for aristocrats to discuss new theories and ideas

toviel
Download Presentation

Enlightenment Thinkers

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Enlightenment Thinkers

  2. René Descartes (1596–1650) • French philosopher and mathematician • Questioned the basis of his own knowledge • “Cogito ergo sum”

  3. The French Salon and the Philosophes • Madame de Pompadour • Salons: gatherings for aristocrats to discuss new theories and ideas • Philosophes: French Enlightenment thinkers who attended the salons Madame de Pompadour

  4. Voltaire (1694–1778) • Most famous philosophe • Wrote plays, essays, poetry, philosophy, and books • Attacked the “relics” of the medieval social order • Championed social, political, and religious tolerance

  5. The Encyclopédie • Major achievement of the philosophes • Begun in 1745; completed in 1765 Frontspiece to the Encyclopédie

  6. The Encyclopédie (continued) • Denis Diderot and Jean Le Rond d’Alembert • Banned by the Catholic Church Encyclopédie editor Denis Diderot

  7. Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679) • Applied rational analysis to the study of government • Attacked the concept of divine right, yet supported a strong monarchy • Believed that humans were basically driven by passions and needed to be kept in check by a powerful ruler

  8. John Locke (1632–1704) • The “State of Nature” • Tabula rasa

  9. Locke(continued) • Treatises of Government • Rights

  10. Jean-Jacques Rousseau(1712–1778) • Philosophized on the nature of society and government • The Social Contract

  11. Baron de Montesquieu (1689–1755) • French noble and political philosopher • The Spirit of the Laws • Argues for the separation of powers

  12. Montesquieu (continued) • Separation of powers • Constitutional monarchy Frontspiece to The Spirit of the Laws

More Related