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Atomic Structure

Atomic Structure. 3 Parts of the Atom:. Key Points:. The nucleus of an atom contains roughly 99.9% of the mass of an atom .

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Atomic Structure

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  1. Atomic Structure

  2. 3 Parts of the Atom:

  3. Key Points: • The nucleus of an atom contains roughly 99.9% of the mass of an atom. • More than 99.9% (that's a popular number) of the atom is "empty space" occupied by moving electrons (which weigh very little). If you could make an atom as big as a football stadium, then its nucleus would still be as small as a marble. • We cannot predict the exact location—only a probable location—of an electron at any given time. • Electrons in the outer energy levels(called valence electrons) are involved with forming compounds.

  4. What is the relative mass of a proton? • O • 1 • 2 • 3

  5. What is the charge of an electron? • Positive • Negative • Neutral

  6. What subatomic particle has a relative mass of 1 and a (+) charge • Electron • Proton • Neutron

  7. What subatomic particle(s) are found inside the nucleus? • Electron • Proton • Neutron • Protons and Neutrons • Protons and Electrons

  8. Each energy level can hold a specific # of electrons:

  9. How many electrons are found in the 3rd energy level? • 0 • 2 • 8 • 10 • 18

  10. How do we know so much about the atom? Who discovered the atom? How long ago? It started along time ago with a guy named Democritus and went through several changes until a couple of dudes named de Broglie and Schrodinger I hope we get a handout with all these names!!

  11. I look pretty good for a dude 2400 years old!!! In Greek, the prefix "a" means "not" and the word "tomos" means cut. Our word atom therefore comes from atomos, a Greek word meaning uncuttable.

  12. John Dalton: early 1800’s

  13. JJ Thomson--1897 Plum Pudding Model But the atom is Neutral!!!! While studying electric discharge in Cathode-ray tubes, Thomson discovered the electron!!!

  14. Ernest Rutherford--1908 Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment In an attempt to build on Thomson’s model, I discovered some amazing stuff!!! What Rutherford Expected Actual Results Rutherford’s Model

  15. Notice 2 things: • Atom is made up of mostly empty space. • Electrons are scattered randomly! Rutherford’s Atomic Model

  16. Nucleus Electrons Neils Bohr--1913

  17. Bohr Model of the Atom • The Bohr Model has the following features: • There is a nucleus(Rutherford’s Discovery) • The electrons move about the nucleus in “stationary, stable states”(later referred to as orbits)!

  18. The Wave Model of the Atom

  19. Discovery of the neutron In 1932, Sir James Chadwick, working to interpret the results of other scientists, discovered the neutron!!! James Chadwick--1932

  20. Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the electron? • Dalton • Thomson • Rutherford • Bohr

  21. Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the “orbital” motion of the electrons around the nucleus? • Dalton • Thomson • Rutherford • Bohr

  22. Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the nucleus? • Dalton • Thomson • Rutherford • Bohr

  23. Which scientist is credited with the 1st Atomic Theory? • Dalton • Thomson • Rutherford • Bohr

  24. I’m going to find Mr. Rodgers That’s a bunch of stuff!!! Let’s wrap this up!!! Mrs. Hardeman Mrs. Wolcott Mrs. Hatfield Mrs. Elliot

  25. Democritus/Dalton

  26. Chemical Symbols • Shorthand method of writing the names of the elements on the period table. • All symbols either have 1 or 2 letters. • If one letter, then that letter is capitalized. • If two letters, then first letter is capitalized, second letter is lowercase. • H—Hydrogen C-Carbon • Cu—Copper Mg—Magnesium • Cl—Chlorine K-Potassium

  27. Classwork • P. 511 #1-5

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