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Topics for Questions 16-19

Topics for Questions 16-19. The Age of Exploration / Mercantilism Mayas, Aztecs and Incas Effects of Slave Trade – Middle Passage The Reformation and Anti-Reformation The Renaissance Absolutism. The Age of Exploration / Mercantilism.

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Topics for Questions 16-19

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  1. Topics for Questions 16-19 • The Age of Exploration / Mercantilism • Mayas, Aztecs and Incas • Effects of Slave Trade – Middle Passage • The Reformation and Anti-Reformation • The Renaissance • Absolutism

  2. The Age of Exploration / Mercantilism • Columbus sails for Spain – (sails, Mercator maps, sexton) • Columbian Exchange • Spanish influence = Encomienda System based on blood and where born, Guns, Germs, Slaves, Language (CONTRAST: Haiti = French, Brazil = Portuguese) • Conquistadors destroy Mayas, Aztecs, Incas (COMPARE/CONTRAST the 3) • Mercantilism = Favorable trade balance for Mother Country (rapes resources cheap, creates goods, sells goods back to colony)

  3. Navigational Inventions Allow For Exploration Sexton Mercator Maps

  4. Columbian Exchange = Trade Inspired By Columbus’ Voyages

  5. Mercantilism = Merchant Trade is For Benefit of Mother Country Resources + Tax Money Flow To Mother country – Resources Turned into a Finished Item – Finished Item Sold Back to Colony

  6. REGENTS REVIEW QUESTIONS • List a few inventions that made navigating the oceans easier and allowed for the cross-Atlantic exploration of the “New world” • 2. List three items that were indigenous to the “New World” and were brought to Europe through the Columbian Exchange • 3. List three items that were indigenous to Europe and were brought to “The New world” through the Columbian Exchange • Describe the economic system called Mercantilism • 5. How did Mercantilism result in a favorable balance of trade for the Mother country?

  7. Post-Columbian Central and South American History Brazil = Portuguese Suriname = Dutch Guinea = French The Rest = Spanish

  8. Aztecs Mayas Incas Warriors Incan Terrace Farming Mayan Calendar Pyramids Central Gov + Gatherings Quipu Knots = Unwritten Language

  9. Encomienda System Social Order – Based on Birth Peninsulares = Full Blood Spaniard Born in Spain South American Creole Revolutionaries = Full Blood Spanish But Were Born in the Americas Upset at Lack of Power in Encomienda System Jose De San Martin Simon Bolivar

  10. REGENTS REVIEW QUESTIONS • What was the unwritten communication of the Inca? • How did the Inca adjust their farming methods to their environment? • Which Native American tribe was a Warrior tribe? • 4. List an item that shows the Maya were an advanced people • 5. What was the name for Full Blooded Spaniards who were born in Spain and not in the New World? • 6. Why were South American revolutionaries upset at the Encomienda System?

  11. The Reformation • Martin Luther = 95 Theses • Challenges corruption in Catholic Church • Calls for *Reform* • *Protests* indulgences • Indulgences = Catholic Priests “Selling” Forgiveness • Encourages Protestant Church (Lutheran) • Moveable Type Printing Press: spreads the word, growth of education and literacy

  12. Martin Luther = 95 Theses Protest Against Catholic Church Pinned To Church Door Gutenberg’s Printing Press = Spread Word of Protestant Reform Movement

  13. Counter-ReformationThe Catholic Church Strikes Back The Spanish Inquisition The Council of Trent

  14. The Renaissance • Renaissance = Rebirth of Culture • Italy • Humanism = celebrate humans • Rich people want art that celebrates human accomplishments and can pay to commission artists (CONTRAST: Humanism vs Religious Art) • Artists = Rafael, Donatello, Leonardo (DaVinci), and Michelangelo • “Questioning” the church seen as OK

  15. Humanist Art Rich People Choose to Commission artists to Celebrate Individual Accomplishments

  16. REGENTS REVIEW QUESTIONS • 1. Why did Martin Luther think the Catholic Church needed reforming? How did he protest these issues? • 2. Describe one way that the Catholic church countered the Protestant Reformation • 3. Who were Renaissance artists commissioned (paid) by? How was this different than previous time periods? • 4. What did the Humanist artists of the Renaissance celebrate in their art? • 5. List four Renaissance artists. (Hint: Name the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles)

  17. Absolutism • Absolute Monarchs = Strong Centralized Government • King Louis XIV = The Sun King • “I AM THE STATE” • Peter the Great • Warm Water Ports • Catherine the Great • Enlightened Despot = Cared for her people

  18. ABSOLUTE RULERS Peter The Great of Russia * Order Russians to “act more European” * Eliminates Mongolian Influence * De-isolation: Captures Warm Water Ports King Louis XIV –The Sun King * The Sun rises and falls with the French Empire * “I Am The State!”

  19. REGENTS REVIEW QUESTIONS • Explain the way King Louis the 14th felt about his leadership of France • What did Peter “The Great” do for Russia that made him so great?

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