Age of Discovery

1. Age of Discovery Bartholomew Diaz Cape of Good Hope 1488

2. Essential Standards • 6.H.2 Understand the political, economic and/or social significance of historical events, issues, individuals and cultural groups. • 6.G.1Understand geographic factors that influenced the emergence, expansion and decline of civilizations, societies and regions (i.e. Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas) over time. • 6.E.1 Understand how the physical environment and human interaction affected the economic activities of various civilizations, societies and regions.

3. Clarifying Objectives • 6.H.2.3 Explain how innovation and/or technology transformed civilizations, societies and regions over time (e.g., agricultural technology, weaponry, transportation and communication). • 6.G.1.2 Explain the factors that influenced the movement of people, goods and ideas and the effects of that movement on societies and regions over time (e.g., scarcity of resources, conquests, desire for wealth, disease and trade). • 6.E.1.1 Explain how conflict, compromise and negotiation over the availability of resources (i.e. natural, human and capital) impacted the economic development of various civilizations, societies and regions (e.g., competition for scarce resources, unequal distribution of wealth and the emergence of powerful trading networks).

4. Essential Questions • What TRANSPORTATION innovation was key in the Age of Discovery? • What FACTORS influenced Bartholomew Diaz to take his journey around Africa? • What role did the UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION of WEALTH after the fall of Constantinople play in Diaz’s journey?

5. Fall of Constantinople • Fall of Constantinople led to the Age of Discovery because Europeans had to try to find a different route to Asia • This would allow them to continue trading with the Asian peoples • Their ECONOMY depended on trade with the rest of the world

6. Essential Questions • Get with a partner and answer…. • What role did the UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION of WEALTH after the fall of Constantinople play in Diaz’s journey?

7. Age of Discovery • Age of Discovery occurred between 1488 and the 1500’s • Explorers were trying to find a water route to Asia because they needed to continue trading with Asian cultures • Age of Discovery started with trying to sail west to Asia

8. Age of Discovery • Age of Discovery continued with trying to find a NORTHWEST PASSAGE • Turned to Discovering the “New World” (North & South America) • Ended with the peopling of America by Europeans

9. Innovation of Sailing Techniques (Transportation) • Age of Discovery was built about innovating SAILING TECHNIQUES • At the beginning of the Age of Discovery not much was known about sailing long distances • As time went by more innovations of SAILING allowed more discoveries to be made

10. Essential Questions • Get with a partner and answer…. • What TRANSPORTATION innovation was key in the Age of Discovery?

11. Bartholomew Diaz • 30 years after the Fall of Constantinople a ship sails off the western coast of Africa trying to sail west to find Asia • In command is Bartholomew Diaz • He is a European nobleman who is seeking fame & fortune

12. Factors Influencing Diaz • Diaz is sailing to try to open up a new trade route to India & China • Resources are very scarce now & Europe has to find a way to trade • This is because the Muslims now control Constantinople which was the major center for trade

13. Essential Questions • Get with a partner and answer…. • What FACTORS influenced Bartholomew Diaz to take his journey around Africa?

14. Storm Arrives • As Diaz sails on the western side of Africa a storm kicks up • Diaz uses the coast to navigate so he doesn’t get lost in the middle of the ocean • As the storm worsens Diaz strategy backfires as his ship begins to smash up on the rocks

15. Diaz Must Make a Decision • Diaz must make a decision…. • Continue to hug the shoreline & risk his ship breaking & everyone drowning • Head out into uncharted waters in the middle of a storm

16. Triangular Lateen Sail (Sailing Technique) • Triangular Lateen Sail is a type of sail that acts like an airplane wing • As the wind catches the sail it is able to LIFT the ship up enough to get the ship off the rocks • Diaz heads into uncharted waters

17. 13 Days • Diaz & his crew is lost at sea • His maps are useless as he has no idea where he is • Diaz & his crew begin to lose hope

18. Ocean Gyre (Sailing Technique) • About to lose hope Diaz doesn’t realize that he is on an Ocean Gyre • Ocean Gyres are powerful ocean currents • This circular current is caused by prevailing winds it turns the Atlantic Ocean in a circle

19. Ocean Gyre (Sailing Technique) • Diaz is being sling shot through the current right around the tip of Africa • Not knowing it after they had sailed out to sea they had landed on an Ocean Gyre • This Ocean Gyre propelled them right around the tip of Africa • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h6i16CrI8ss

20. CAPE of GOOD HOPE • After 13 days they spot land • Diaz lands the ship & claims the land for Portugal • He prays thanking god for safety • He names the land the CAPE OF GOOD HOPE

21. Diaz Discovers • Cape of Good Hope becomes the water route to the west that everyone has searched for • Within 50 years the Cape of Good Hope becomes the busiest shipping lane in the world • 44,000 tons of goods are shipped every year

22. Mankind the Story of Us • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SXGU8zhBLOk • 26:30- 33:15

23. EOG Questions • There were many advancements during the Age of Exploration. • Which led to the settlement of the Americas? • A) better farming technology • B) better printing technology • C) better sailing technology • D) better military technology

24. EOG Questions • Exploration and conquests occurred in the middle ages. How did they affect relations between ancient societies? • A) They caused long-lasting peace with the help of religion. • B) They caused empires to close off access between their societies. • C) They caused outbreaks of violence that closed all trade routes. • D) They caused trade routes and communication to open between societies.

25. EOG Questions • Why did trading networks like the Silk Road develop? • A) Certain resources were not available in all areas. • B) The trails were used for communication between groups. • C) People wanted to take land and to keep control of that land. • D) Travelers enjoyed exploring nearby lands after trading for spices.

26. EOG Questions • Which was a long-term effect of ancient trade routes? • A) the spread of religions throughout the trade routes • B) the spread of unifying systems of government • C) colonization of weaker nations along the trade routes • D) use of silk throughout ancient and modern societies

27. EOG Questions • Which statement shows how trade routes influenced ancient societies? • A) As travel over land became easier, trade by water became unnecessary. • B) As different civilizations traded goods, they also shared cultural values and beliefs. • C) As trade developed, long-distance travel became safe and easy for each civilization. • D) As silk grew popular, it became a common material used in clothing across civilizations.

28. Important Points • 6.H.2.3 (Transportation Innovation) Age of Discovery was built on SAILING INNOVATIONS that eventually led to being able to sail across the ocean • 6.G.1.2 (Factors Influencing Movement) The FACTORS that influenced movement were reestablishing TRADE & Europe’s SCARCITY OF RESOURCES • 6.E.1.1 (Unequal Distribution of Wealth & Trade) Diaz went on his journey because the Europeans needed to find a route to India & China to continue to TRADE. The Muslims controlled all the WEALTH when they captured Constantinople