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Sections 16.3 – 16.6 Acid-Base Equilibria

Sections 16.3 – 16.6 Acid-Base Equilibria. Bill Vining SUNY Oneonta. In these sections… Relative acid-base strength Determining Ka and Kb experimentally Estimating pH of solutions Acid-Base Properties of Salts Molecular control of acid-base strength. Acid-Base Equilibria.

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Sections 16.3 – 16.6 Acid-Base Equilibria

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  1. Sections 16.3 – 16.6Acid-Base Equilibria Bill Vining SUNY Oneonta

  2. In these sections… Relative acid-base strength Determining Ka and Kb experimentally Estimating pH of solutions Acid-Base Properties of Salts Molecular control of acid-base strength Acid-Base Equilibria

  3. Acid-Base Equilibria Bronsted Acid: H+ (proton) donor Bronsted Base: H+ acceptor Acid-Base reactions: H+ transfer reaction Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs: acid conjugate base HF F- NH4+ NH3

  4. Strong vs. Weak Acids

  5. Weak Acid-Base Strength Varies Greatly Depending on the Equilibrium Constant

  6. Trends in relative acid/base strength for conjugate pairs.

  7. Relationship Between Ka and Kb for an Acid-Base Conjugate PairKa x Kb = 1.0 x 10-14 Ammonia is a base with Kb = 1.8 x 10-5. What is the conjugate acid, and what is its Ka value?

  8. Determining the KaValue Experimentally Measure pH for a solution of known concentration. pH  [H3O+]  x in an ICE table  all [ ]’s  Ka What is the value of Ka for an acid, HA, for which a 0.240 M solution has a pH of 3.28?

  9. Determining Kb: A 0.300 M solution of a weak base has a pH of 9.20. What is Kb?

  10. Estimating the pH when [HA] and Ka are known Set up ICE Table  x = [H3O+]  pH What is the pH of a 0.150 M solution of HF?

  11. Estimate when [HA]o > 100 x Ka What is the pH of a 0.150 M solution of HCN?

  12. Estimating pH of weak base solutions What is the pH of a 0.150 M solution of NH3?

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