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STATE OF THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

STATE OF THE GLOBAL ECONOMY. THE OUTLOOK FOR 2011 AND BEYOND. Edinburgh 14 June 2011. Summary of global growth forecasts. Source: Lloyds Bank Corporate Markets. US$ per barrel. %, YoY. 300. forecast. 7. forecast. 6. Saudi Arabia oil supply disruption. 250. 5. 4. 200. 3. 150. 2.

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STATE OF THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

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  1. STATE OF THE GLOBAL ECONOMY THE OUTLOOK FOR 2011 AND BEYOND • Edinburgh • 14 June 2011

  2. Summary of global growth forecasts Source: Lloyds Bank Corporate Markets

  3. US$ per barrel %, YoY 300 forecast 7 forecast 6 Saudi Arabia oil supply disruption 250 5 4 200 3 150 2 Base case Saudi oil disruption 1 100 0 -1 50 Base Forecast -2 0 -3 2007 2009 2011 2013 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 GLOBAL WORST CASE SCENARIO Brent crude oil prices surge to US $250 per barrel as Saudi Arabia is impacted… …World GDP growth slows markedly Source: LBCM

  4. Just when you thought it was safe to get back in the water OTHER RISKS TO THE GLOBAL OUTLOOK • Global imbalances projected to widen • US housing market deteriorates • Commodity price shock • Policy mistake – tighten too fast • China inflation takes off

  5. Russia 4.3% Russia 4.7% Poland 4.0% Poland 4.0% Turkey 6.4% Turkey 6.4% Korea 4.5 Korea 4.5 China 9.4% China 9.1% Mexico 4.6% Mexico 4.6% India 8.0% India 8.3% Indonesia Indonesia 6.1% 6.1% Brazil 5.1% Brazil 5.1% South Africa 4.0% South Africa 4.0% …BUT OUTLOOK STILL LOOKS GOOD… Australia 3.3% Source: LBCM

  6. Rebased, 2007 = 100 104 US 102 100 Euro zone 98 96 UK 94 Japan 92 90 2007 2009 2008 2010 ADVANCED ECONOMIES RECOVERING BUT SLOWLY… Source: OECD, LBCM

  7. Spread over 10yr Bunds 14 Greece 12 Ireland Portugal 10 Spain 8 6 4 2 0 -2 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 CRISIS IN THE EURO AREA PERIPHERY NOT OVER Source: DataStream

  8. US$ billion Government debt ROW Banks Private & Other US Japan Italy UK France Germany 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Risks – Euro crisis could have global consequences GLOBAL CONSEQUENCES OF EURO AREA CRISIS World: Bank exposures to peripherals Source: Oxford Economics & BIS

  9. % year 6 forecast 5 4 3 2 1 0 Eurozone debt crisis -1 Greek default -2 Eurozone muddles through -3 2015 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 WORLD WOULD BE IMPACTED BY SUCH AN EVENT Economic growth • International channels of impact of a default: • Contagion & Confidence – risk appetite, capital flows • Bondholder losses • Bond yields • Wider interbank spreads • Wider lending spreads • Induced fiscal tightening Source: OECD, LBCM

  10. % increase in year, economic growth 6 forecast Germany 4 2 France Euro zone 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 EUROPE: GOOD RECOVERY IN ‘CORE’ Source: LBCM

  11. % increase in year, economic growth 6 forecast 4 Portugal Spain 2 0 -2 -4 Greece -6 Italy -8 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 EUROPE: WEAK RECOVERY IN ‘PERIPHERAL’ Source: LBCM

  12. % increase in year, CPI inflation 4.5 forecast Euro zone 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 Germany 2.0 1.5 1.0 France 0.5 0.0 -0.5 -1.0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 RISING INFLATION IN CORE Source: LBCM

  13. FALLING INFLATION IN ‘PERIPHERY’ % increase in year, CPI inflation 6 forecast Greece 5 4 3 2 Spain Italy 1 0 -1 Portugal -2 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Source: LBCM

  14. The UK economic outlook Source: LBCM

  15. % change in quarter Q4 2010 Q1 2011 3 1.7 2 1.0 0.9 1 0.5 0.4 0.4 0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -1 -0.6 -2 -1.8 -3 -4 -4.4 -5 GDP Consumer spending Government spending Business investment Net trade Stocks UK ECONOMY HAS BEEN FLAT IN THE LAST SIX MONTHS Source: LBCM

  16. %yr % disp income 180 16 160 14 140 12 120 10 100 8 80 6 Household debt % 60 disposable income (LHS) 4 Household borrowing 40 %yr (RHS) 2 20 0 0 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 HOUSEHOLDS ARE UNDER PRESSURE Household debt remains uncomfortably high Source: ONS/LBCM

  17. % bal. % q/q 2.0 80 Lloyds Business Barometer (econ. Prospects)(LHS 3m lead) 1.5 60 GDP (RHS) 1.0 40 0.5 20 0.0 0 -0.5 -20 -1.0 -40 -1.5 -60 -2.0 GDP (RHS) -2.5 -80 Jul 07 Jul 08 Jul 09 Jul 06 Jul 10 Jan 09 Jan 11 Jan 08 Jan 10 Jan 06 Jan 07 THE LLOYDS BUSINESS BAROMETER IS GLOOMY Lloyds Barometer suggests that economic recovery to be modest in Q2 Source: Lloyds Bank Corporate Markets

  18. % increase in year % 6 20 5 UK Bank Rate (RHS) 15 4 10 3 5 M4 growth (LHS) 2 0 1 0 -5 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 …so bank rate may remain on hold for some months yet AND BROAD MONEY SUPPLY GROWTH IS STILL WEAK Source: Lloyds Bank Corporate Markets

  19. Top 10 growth sectors 2011F 2012F Technology Hardware & equipment 7.4% 4.1% Materials 6.2% 3.9% Capital Goods 6.1% 3.0% Pharmaceuticals & biotechnology 5.2% 5.0% Software & services 4.3% 4.6% Business Services 3.8% 4.2% Telecommunication services 3.2% 3.5% Media 3.1% 1.9% Semi-conductor and semiconductor equipment 2.7% 6.7% Banks & diversified financials 1.7% 4.2% Bottom 10 growth sectors 2011F 2012F Energy -1.6% -1.4% Construction 0.2% 1.0% Commercial services 0.4% 1.9% Food & drug retailing 0.4% 2.1% Retailing 0.4% 2.1% Household & personal products 0.5% 3.3% Consumer durables & apparel 1.0% 0.3% Utilities 1.7% 1.8% Insurance 1.6% 3.3% Hotels, restaurants & leisure 1.7% 2.3% WHERE IS GROWTH COMING FROM? Exporters and supporting services lead the way Consumer or government servicing lag Source: Lloyds Bank Corporate Markets

  20. Official interest rate, % % 16 6 forecast Brazil UK 14 5 12 4 10 India Russia 8 3 6 2 ECB China 4 1 2 US 0 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Dec 06 Dec 07 Dec 08 Dec 09 Dec 10 Dec 11 ECB raising rates Emergers raising rates INTEREST RATE RESPONSES DIFFERENT Source: DataStream/LBCM

  21. £:€ (nominal) £:€ (inflation adjusted 2006) 2.2 £:$ (inflation adjusted 2006) £:$ (nominal) 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 CURRENCIES STILL VOLATILE Source: LBCM

  22. 90 250 2006=100 150 80 DAX 30 140 200 70 130 DOW JONES 120 60 Itraxx (RHS) 150 110 50 100 40 90 100 FTSE 100 80 30 70 20 50 60 10 VIX (LHS) NIKKEI 225 50 0 0 40 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Jan 11 Jan 10 Jan 06 Jan 07 Jan 08 Jan 09 May 10 May 11 Sept07 May 06 May 07 May 08 May 09 Sept 10 Sept 06 Sept 08 Sept 09 Credit conditions improved but suggest risks Equities have recovered but are volatile ARE MARKETS SETTLED? Source: Lloyds Corporate Markets

  23. WHAT ABOUTTHE PROSPECTS FOR GLOBAL WEALTH?

  24. % 80 70 India 60 50 40 China US 30 20 Western Europe 10 0 1500 1870 1980 2000 SHIFT IN POWER BACK TO THE EAST Share of world GDP in constant prices Source: Oxford Economics/Maddison

  25. Per Capita $PPP 80,000 $ 50,000 70,000 45,000 60,000 40,000 50,000 35,000 30,000 40,000 25,000 30,000 20,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 10,000 5,000 0 2005 2010 2020 2030 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Brazil Russia UK India USA China STILL HUGE SCOPE FOR CATCH UP Per capita GDP, as a indicator of personal wealth, is expected to continue to grow... Real Per Capita GDP 2001 - 2006 Forecasted Per Capita GDP 2005 - 2030 …and as people become richer, the demand for retail banking services will increase Source: LBCM

  26. Domestic credit ($2004bn) 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 2004 2009 2014 2019 2024 2029 2034 2039 2044 2049 US China India Japan Germany UK WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR RETAIL BANKING? As shown in this slide for the emerging markets giants relative to some developed economies Source: Pricewaterhouse Coopers

  27. % 60 50 Japan 40 EU 30 Russia 20 China Brazil 10 India 0 2005 2008 2011 2014 2017 2020 DEPENDENCY RATIOS RELATIVELY LOW Dependency ratio Source: United Nations

  28. Index (2006=100, quarterly averages) 180 Hong Kong 160 Singapore 140 China(Luxury residential) 120 100 80 60 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 ‘BUBBLE’ IN ASSET PRICES IN ASIA Emerging Asia: Residential property prices Source: Oxford Economics

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  30. Q&A

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