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Management Function Directing

Management Function Directing. Dr. John Abraham Professor UTPA. Directing. Most complex of the management functions Effective communication Providing leadership. Administrative communication. Sender – receiver – channel –symbols

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Management Function Directing

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  1. Management FunctionDirecting Dr. John Abraham Professor UTPA

  2. Directing • Most complex of the management functions • Effective communication • Providing leadership

  3. Administrative communication • Sender – receiver – channel –symbols • Communicator – listener – communication channel – verbal or other symbols. • Effective communication can be judged by behavior changes in the receiver. Feedback. • Who communicated better? Obama? McCain? Why?

  4. Miscommunication • Undesired behavior in the receiver. • A wife asks the husband, “How do I look in this dress?” the response makes her cry. Discuss this. • Similar examples, My fair lady – Elisa Dolittle.

  5. Psychological factors of communication • Identify objectives – if the sender does not know what behavior change is desired, poor communication takes place. Sometimes contradictory instruction can be issued. • Know motivating factors (canned presentations assume stereotyping)

  6. Human Motivation • Appetizing meal may not be appealing someone who has just eaten. • Unsatisfied motives guides a persons behavior. • There are physical, social and psychic motives. • Abraham Maslow – hierarchy of needs

  7. Physical Motives • Biological needs and urges • Hunger, thirst, physical comfort, sex drive. Airconditioned room, absence of physical hazards, good food. • Lower income people can be motivated with physical motives.

  8. Social Motives • Belonging to a group (social club, popular group) • Pleasant work companions • Friendly supervisor • Jobs that are of high status

  9. Psychic motives • Adds to the self-worth • Helping others • Working independently

  10. Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs • physological • Safety • Love/belonging • Esteem • Self actualization

  11. Morale • High morale leads to high productivity • Productivity results when the organizational and personal goals can be integrated. • Satisfying personal goals leads to positive motivation

  12. Leadership • Based on reward rather than threat raises morale. • High productivity may be achieved with threat, however it is short lived.

  13. Two types of leadership: • Manager assumes average human being has an inherent dislike for work and avoid it if he can (lazy). Wants to be directed. Only coersion is the motivating factor. Meeting of physical needs is motivation. • Work is as natural as play. Self motivated to work. A manager encourages to develop and utilize knowledge, skills and ingenuity of the employee.

  14. Lead • Demand following (dictatorship) • Follow

  15. Leaders • Born or learned? • Story of railroad here. • Intelligence, communication skill and ability to assess group goals. • Different leadership styles at different levels of organization • Centralized or decentralized authority • Authoritarian or democratic

  16. Six elements of a motivation program • Establish appropriately difficult goals • Remove obstacles (personal and organizational) • Use rewards and discipline appropriately • Provide incentives • Distribute rewards equitably • Provide timely rewards and specific honest feedback.

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