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Content Vocabulary

Content Vocabulary. intoxication delirium tremors formaldehyde fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Alcohol has immediate and long-term effects on the body. The effects depend on the size of the dose of alcohol. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking. Alcohol impairs the central nervous system.

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Content Vocabulary

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  1. Content Vocabulary • intoxication • delirium • tremors • formaldehyde • fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

  2. Alcohol has immediate and long-term effects on the body. The effects depend on the size of the dose of alcohol.

  3. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking • Alcohol impairs the central nervous system.

  4. Alcohol can mix with both fatty and watery substances, which means it can go anywhere in the body and affects every cell of the body. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

  5. Immediate Effects Alcohol impairs many organs and body functions: Liver. The liver changes alcohol into wastes but can only handle about one drink per hour. If a person drinks more, it enters the bloodstream. Lungs. The lungs excrete a little ethanol from the bloodstream as a gas exhaled in breath. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

  6. Immediate Effects Alcohol impairs many organs and body functions: Blood vessels. Alcohol allows blood vessels of the skin to widen, causing skin to feel warm and appear flushed. Nerves and brain. Alcohol depresses the part of the nervous system that sets limits on behavior. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

  7. Immediate Effects Alcohol affects the brain, muscles, nerves, glands, and small blood vessels of the skin, within minutes of drinking it. Alcohol is a depressant and small amounts of alcohol sedate the brain’s cerebral cortex, where conscious learning takes place. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

  8. Immediate Effects Alcohol can affect a person in the following ways: Loss of awareness of recent events, insecurities, worries, discomfort, and pain. Disturbed sleep and reduced ability to perform or learn mental tasks. Inhibited awareness often leading to emotional behavior. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

  9. Immediate Effects Some research shows that drinking red wine in moderation may protect against heart disease. However, other studies show that even one drink a day raises the risk of certain types of cancer. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

  10. Immediate Effects A moderate drinker may consume up to one drink per day for a female and two for a male. Alcohol is a risk factor in accidents, homicides, and suicides amongst teens. Health Effects of Moderate Drinking

  11. Excessive Drinking • With increasing doses of alcohol, behavior becomes more unpredictable and judgment is affected. • Intoxication is a term often used to mean drunkenness. intoxication A state of being poisoned

  12. Excessive drinking can cause a person to lose consciousness. It is possible to drink enough alcohol fast enough so that it continues to be absorbed into the bloodstream after a person loses consciousness. This can lead to death. Excessive Drinking

  13. The Role of the Liver The liver removes toxic substances from the intestines before they reach other body organs, such as the heart and brain. However, the liver itself can be damaged by alcohol. Excessive Drinking

  14. Why Do Drinkers Get Hangovers? Hangovers are a mild form of alcohol withdrawal caused by too much alcohol intake. Symptoms of hangover include headache, pain, and nausea usually felt the morning after drinking. Only time can cure a hangover. Excessive Drinking

  15. Excessive Drinking • Deliriumis a severe state of alcohol withdrawal. delirium A state of mental confusion, usually with hallucinations and continual movement.

  16. Excessive Drinking • If a drinker experiences tremors, immediate medical treatment is needed as these are a warning sign that death may occur. tremors Continuous quivering or shaking

  17. Why Do Drinkers Get Hangovers? Hangovers are caused by the following factors: The amount of alcohol consumed. The dehydration that occurs when alcohol reduces the body’s water content. The loss of water from brain cells which can cause pain as they rehydrate and swell back to size. Excessive Drinking

  18. Why Do Drinkers Get Hangovers? Excessive Drinking • Formaldehyde, another cause of hangover,forms when the body breaks down alcohol. formaldehyde A substance related to alcohol

  19. Long-Term Effects of Excessive Drinking • The effects of excessive drinking add up over time, causing severe health damage.

  20. Liver Liver disease, or cirrhosis, is the most common disease to occur among abusers of alcohol. High blood pressure is an effect of liver damage. Liver damage weakens the body’s defenses against infection. Long-Term Effects of Excessive Drinking

  21. Liver Alcohol causes the liver cells to fill with fat. If the time between bouts of drinking is not long enough to permit this fat to be removed, the liver cells harden, lose their ability to function, and die. Long-Term Effects of Excessive Drinking

  22. Liver The liver makes fat from alcohol and the fat collects in the blood vessels, heart muscle, liver, and under the skin at the hips, belly, legs, and other fatty areas. Other times, the alcohol abuser becomes too sick to eat and the toxic effects of alcohol cause the muscles and other tissues to wither. Long-Term Effects of Excessive Drinking

  23. Brain and Other Effects Even moderate alcohol use causes the brain to shrink. Excessive long-term drinking can cause major, permanent brain damage. Alcohol use increases risk of cancers of the mouth, throat, lungs, liver, pancreas, and rectum. Long-Term Effects of Excessive Drinking

  24. Brain and Other Effects Alcohol abuse can cause: Abnormal changes in the blood; kidney, bladder, and gland damage can result from alcohol abuse. Reproductive problems and testicle shrinkage. Diabetes, lung damage, skin rashes, ulcers, and muscle shrinkage. Long-Term Effects of Excessive Drinking

  25. Risks to Unborn Babies Long Term Effects of Drinking • Fetal alcohol syndrome can be avoided by abstaining from alcohol during pregnancy. fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) A cluster of birth defects, including permanent mental, and physical retardation and facial abnormalities as seen in children born to mothers who abuse alcohol during pregnancy

  26. Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary • Define delirium. delirium A state of mental confusion usually with hallucinations and continual movement

  27. Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary • Name the substance made by the body from alcohol that contributes to a hangover. formaldehyde A substance related to alcohol

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