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Chapter 6: Disease

Major categories of diseases. Types of infectious organisms & some diseases caused by them. Common responses to disease. Examples of neoplasia. Word parts pertaining to diseases. Major terms describing types of diseases. Major manifestations of diseases.

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Chapter 6: Disease

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  1. Major categories of diseases. • Types of infectious organisms & some diseases caused by them. • Common responses to disease. • Examples of neoplasia. • Word parts pertaining to diseases. • Major terms describing types of diseases. • Major manifestations of diseases. Chapter 6: Disease

  2. Key Terms

  3. Key Terms (cont’d)

  4. Key Terms (cont’d)

  5. Key Terms (cont’d)

  6. Supplementary Terms

  7. Supplementary Terms (cont’d)

  8. Supplementary Terms (cont’d)

  9. Supplementary TermsManifestations of Disease

  10. Supplementary TermsManifestations of Disease

  11. Abbreviations

  12. Roots for Disease

  13. Roots for Disease (cont’d)

  14. Prefixes for Disease

  15. Suffixes for Disease

  16. Suffixes for Disease (cont’d)

  17. Suffixes for Disease (cont’d)

  18. Words for Disease Used as Suffixes

  19. Words for Disease Used as Suffixes

  20. Words for Disease Used as Suffixes

  21. Disease Categories • Infectious • Caused by microorganisms, parasites called pathogens • Degenerative • Caused by wear and tear, aging or trauma • Arthritis, emphysema • Neoplasia • Abnormal, uncontrolled growth of tissue

  22. Disease Categories (cont’d) • Immune disorders • Failures of immune system • Allergies • Autoimmune disorders • Metabolic disorders • Caused by lack of enzymes • Hereditary disorders

  23. Disease Categories (cont’d) • Malnutrition • Hormonal disorders • Underproduction or overproduction of hormones • Diabetes mellitus • Mental and emotional disorders • Affects the mind • Individuals unable to adapt to environment

  24. Infectious Diseases • Caused by: • Viruses • Bacteria • Fungi (yeast and molds) • Protozoa (single-celled animals) • Worms

  25. Infectious Diseases (cont’d) • Bacteria categorized by: • Shape • Round • Rod-shaped • Curved • Arrangements they form • Dyes when stained in lab • Most common is Gram stain

  26. Prefixes and Roots for Infectious Diseases

  27. Responses to Disease • Inflammation • Body’s response to infection and diseases • Four signs: heat, pain, redness, swelling • Suffix –itis indicates inflammation • Examples include: • Appendicitis (inflammation of appendix) • Tonsillitis (inflammation of tonsils)

  28. Responses to Disease (cont’d) • Phagocytosis • Process used by body • Gets rid of: • Invading microorganisms • Damaged cells • Other harmful debris • Found circulating in blood, tissue, lymphatic system • Remains of process called pus

  29. Phagocytosis

  30. Response to Diseases (cont’d)Immunity • Immune system controls response to disease • Adaptive immunity: acquired during life from exposure to disease organisms • Monitors body for: • Abnormal cells • Malfunctioning cells • May cause its own problems • Overreaction produces allergies • Reaction to own tissues causes autoimmune diseases

  31. Neoplasia • Neoplasm • Abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue • Metastasizing • Benign • Malignant • Examples of malignant tumors: • Carcinoma (epithelial tissue) • Sarcoma (connective tissue or muscle)

  32. Pretest • Any organism so small that it can only be seen with a microscope is a: (a) miniorganism (b) macroorganism (c) microcell (d) microorganism

  33. Pretest • Any organism so small that it can only be seen with a microscope is a: (a) miniorganism (b) macroorganism (c) microcell (d) microorganism

  34. Pretest • A disease that has a sudden and severe onset is described as: (a) chronic (b) mild (c) acute (d) infectious

  35. Pretest • A disease that has a sudden and severe onset is described as: (a) chronic (b) mild (c) acute (d) infectious

  36. Pretest • Abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue is termed: (a) anemia (b) neoplasia (c) parasitism (d) toxicity

  37. Pretest • Abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue is termed: (a) anemia (b) neoplasia (c) parasitism (d) toxicity

  38. Pretest • Abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue is termed: (a) cocci (b) yeasts (c) fungi (d) bacilli

  39. Pretest • Abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue is termed: (a) cocci (b) yeasts (c) fungi (d) bacilli

  40. Pretest • Single-celled animals, as a group, are called: (a) algae (b) molds (c) protozoa (d) vibrios

  41. Pretest • Single-celled animals, as a group, are called: (a) algae (b) molds (c) protozoa (d) vibrios

  42. Pretest • Heat, pain, redness, and swelling are the characteristics signs of: (a) immunity (b) fever (c) inflammation (d) healing

  43. Pretest • Heat, pain, redness, and swelling are the characteristics signs of: (a) immunity (b) fever (c) inflammation (d) healing

  44. Pretest • White blood cells engulf foreign organisms by the process of: (a) phagocytosis (b) egestion (c) ejection (d) dysphagia

  45. Pretest • White blood cells engulf foreign organisms by the process of: (a) phagocytosis (b) egestion (c) ejection (d) dysphagia

  46. Pretest • The sum of all body defenses against infectious disease is termed: (a) pyosis (b) complementation (c) secretion (d) immunity

  47. Pretest • The sum of all body defenses against infectious disease is termed: (a) pyosis (b) complementation (c) secretion (d) immunity

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