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INFECTIOUS AND TROPICAL DISEASES CONTROL IN CUBA A NECESSARY INTRODUCTION

INFECTIOUS AND TROPICAL DISEASES CONTROL IN CUBA A NECESSARY INTRODUCTION. PROF. G. KOURI INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA TROPICAL “PEDRO KOURÍ”. THE WORLD´S BURDEN OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES INFECTIOUS DISEASES ARE NOW THE WORLD´S BIGGEST KILLER OF CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS.

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INFECTIOUS AND TROPICAL DISEASES CONTROL IN CUBA A NECESSARY INTRODUCTION

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  1. INFECTIOUS AND TROPICAL DISEASES CONTROL IN CUBA A NECESSARY INTRODUCTION PROF. G. KOURI INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA TROPICAL “PEDRO KOURÍ”

  2. THE WORLD´S BURDEN OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES INFECTIOUS DISEASES ARE NOW THE WORLD´S BIGGEST KILLER OF CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS. MORE THAN 13 MILLIONDEATHS A YEAR(221/100 0000INHABITANTS) - ONE IN TWO DEATHS IN THE THIRD WORLD. WHO REPORT ON INF. DIS.

  3. (II) OVER THE NEXT HOUR ALONE 1 500 PEOPLE WILL DIE OF AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE OVER HALF OF THEM CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS. WHO REPORT ON INF. DIS./

  4. INFECTIOUS DISEASES REPRESENTS: • 45% OF DEATHS IN LOW INCOME COUNTRIES (ASIA AND AFRICA). • 63% OF DEATHS IN CHILDREN • (0-4 YEARS) WORLDWIDE. • 48% OF PREMATURE DEATHS • (0 - 44 YEARS), WORLDWIDE WHO REPORT ON INF. DIS.

  5. LEADING INFECTIOUS KILLERS • MILLIONS OF DEATHS WORLWIDE • ALL AGES • ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS: 3.5 • AIDS: 2.3 • DIARROEHAL DISEASES: 2.2 • TUBERCULOSIS: 1.5 • MALARIA: 1.3 • MEASLES: 0.9 WHO REPORT ON INF. DIS,

  6. IT IS ESTIMATED THAT THE MAJORITY OF DEATHS FROM INFECTIOUS DISEASES CAN BE PREVENTED WITH EXISTING COST-EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES WHO REPORT ON INFEC. DIS.

  7. IN THE WORLD, ONE THIRD OF THE POPULATION LACKS ACCESS TO THE ESSENTIAL DRUGS WHO REPORT ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES

  8. TODAY THE POOREST COUNTRIES ARE PAYING A HEAVY PRICE FOR THE WORLD´S COMPLACENCY AND NEGLECT WHO REPORT ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES

  9. 20% OF THE WORLD POPULATION (1 300 MILL.) LIVE IN ABSOLUTE POVERTY • (LESS THAN $1 USD/DAY) • SURVIVING WITH LESS THAN $2 USD/DAY IS A REALITY FOR ALMOST HALF THE PEOPLE ON THE PLANET . • THESE FIGURES ARE STILL RISING WHO DIRECTOR GENERAL REPORT DEC/99

  10. A VICIOUS CICLE OF POVERTY DIEASE AND DEATH Poverty Low Productivity Disease Death and Disability KOURI G, LLOP A, ROGES G

  11. INCIDENCE AND CONTROL OF TROPICAL DISEASES IN CUBA INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE “PEDRO Kourí” HAVANA - CUBA YEAR 2004

  12. THE SO-CALLED TROPICAL DISEASES ARE NOT A HEALTH PROBLEM IN CUBA IN THE YEAR 2005

  13. FACTS AND FIGURES 1959 - 2004

  14. 11.2 MILLON INHABITANTS >70 000 M.D. WELL DEVELOPED PRIMARYHEALTH CARE SUB - SYSTEM

  15. FROM 1959 THE CUBAN NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEM WAS STABLISHED ACCESIBLE UNIVERSAL FREE 100% OF URBAN AND RURAL POPULATION IS PROTECTED

  16. MAIN MORTALITY CAUSES IN CUBA • HEART DISEASES • CANCER • CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES • INFLUENZA AND PNEUMONIA • ACCIDENTS

  17. IMMUNIZATION PROGRAME IN CUBA(100%), YEAR 2003 BCG POLIO MEASLES MENINGO B RUBELLA MENINGO C MUMPS DIPHTERIA HEMOPHILUS B TETANUS HEPATITIS B PERTUSIS LEPTOSPIROSIS ** CURRENTLY THE VACCINATION AGAINST INFLUENZA IS LIMITED TO THE ELDERLY IN THE WORLD “ONE IN FIVE CHILDREN ” ARE NOT FULLY INMUNIZED BY THEIR FIRST BIRTHDAY (WHO REPORT ON INF. DIS..)

  18. NATION-WIDE, LABORATORY BASED SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM FOR MOST IMPORTANT INFECTIOUS AND PARASITIC DISEASES

  19. CONTROL ELIMINATION ERADICATION 2004

  20. CUBA, HAS A LONG TRADITION IN THE CONTROL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES • DURING THE SPANISH COLONY • CHOLERA APPEARD IN CUBA IN 1834, IT WAS ELIMINATED IN 1871 • AT THE BEGINING OF THIS CENTURY • YELLOW FEVER WAS ERADICATED IN 1902 • IN 1915 BUBÓNIC PLAGUE WAS ERADICATED • IN 1923 SMALLPOX WAS ERADICATED • IN 1947 LAST CASE OF BANCROTI FILARIASIS

  21. ELIMINATED AND CONTROLLED INFECTIOUS DISEASE AFTER 1959 • IN 1962 POLIO WAS ERADICATED • IN 1967MALARIA WAS ERADICATED • IN 1972 NEO-NATORUM TETANUS WAS ELIMINATED

  22. ELIMINATED AND CONTROLLED INFECTIOUS DISEASES (II) IN 1979 DIPHTERIA WAS ELIMINATED IN 1993MEASLES WAS ELIMINATED IN 1995 RUBELLA WAS ELIMINATED IN 1995 MUMPS WAS ELIMINATED

  23. NO MORE CONSIDERED A HEALTH PROBLEM IN CUBA: TETANUS, WHOOPING COUGH (LESS THAN 0.1 X 100 000) MENINGOCCOCAL DISEASE DECLINED ITS MORBIDITY IN 93% AND ITS MORTALITY IN 98% HEPATITIS B MORBIDITY IN CHILDREN, LESS THAN 15 YEARS, WAS REDUCED IN 97% HUMAN LEPTOSPIROSIS DECLINED (CUBAN VACCINE)

  24. THE TUBERCULOSIS RATE IS 6.6 X 100 000 AT PRESENT WE ARE PREPARING A PROGRAMME TO ELIMINATE Tb IN CUBA LEPROSY IS NOT A HEALTH PROBLEM

  25. DIARRHEAL DISEASES ARE PREVALENT ALTHOUGH ITS MORTALITY RATE WAS REDUCED MORE THAN 95% BETWEEN 1962 AND 2004

  26. NO HUMAN CASES OF RABIES AND TETANUS THIS YEAR

  27. CUBA IS NOT A DENGUE ENDEMCIC COUNTRY

  28. HIV/AIDS

  29. TOTAL HIV-AIDS PATIENTS: 6025 (1985-04)- (0.07%) AMONG THEM AIDS PATIENTS : 4724 AIDS DEATHS: 1222 HIV CARRIERS: 3424

  30. MAIN HEALTH INDEXES IN CUBA

  31. INFANT MORTALITY: 5.8 / 1000 NEWBORNS MATERNAL MORTALITY : 3.8 /10 000 NEWBORNS TOTAL 2.12 /10 000 NEWBORNS (DIRECT) 1.73 / 10 000 NEWBORNS (INDIRECT) INFEC. DISEAS. 0.08 / 10 000NEWB.

  32. LIFE EXPECTANCY: 77 YEARS MEN: 75 YEARS WOMEN:79 YEARS

  33. INFECTIOUS AND PARASITIC DISEASES MORTALITY RATE - CUBA GENERAL MORTALITY RATE:60.3 (IN THE WORLD: 221X100 000)

  34. IN CUBA THE % OF MORTALITY DUE TO INFECTIOUS DISEASES IS ONLY 6.5%

  35. THE NUMBER OF FATAL CASES IN 2004 EXCLUDING INFLUENZA AND PNEUMONIA FOR ALL THE REST OF INF. DIS. WHAS 742 FATALITIES WHICH REPRESENTS 0.9% OF THE TOTAL MORTALITY IN CUBA (IN 1970 : 7,2%)

  36. MAIN CHALLENGES FOR CUBA • ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS • HIV/AIDS • OTHER STIs • PREVENT ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

  37. INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE “PEDRO KOURI”(IPK) MINISTRY OF PUBLIC HEALTH HAVANA CUBA PROF GUSTAVO KOURI MD, PhD ,DrSc VICEPRESIDENT CUBAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES DIRECTOR GENERAL IPK

  38. IPK

  39. PABELLÓN DOMINGO CUBAS, HOSPITAL CALIXTO GARCÍA SEDE DE LA CÁTEDRA DE PARASITOLOGÍA # 20 Y DEL INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA TROPICAL 1937 1000 MTS2

  40. LABORATORIO DE INVESTIGACIONES

  41. KOURÍ Y COLS. TRABAJANDO EN EL LABORATORIO

  42. ASCARIASIS OBSTRUCCIÓN INTESTINAL esto ya no existe en Cuba

  43. ASCARIASIS VIAS BILIARES

  44. ULTIMOS CASOS DE FILARIASIS BANCROFTI EN CUBA

  45. ULTIMOS CASOS DE FILARIASIS BANCROFTI EN CUBA

  46. Amebiasis cutánea SE CONFUNDÍA CON CANCER APORTE DE KOURI Antes del tratamiento SE CONFUNDÍA CON CANCER Después del tratamiento

  47. PROPOSAL FOR A NEW BUILDING FOR THE INSTITUTE April / 1939 IT WAS NOT ACCEPTED . LACK OF FUNDS

  48. A NEW PHASE, 1979 - 2004 NEW CHALLENGES

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