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Types of Fire Departments

Types of Fire Departments. Chapter 3. Objectives. Distinguish between fire departments. Distinguish between public and private sector entities. Identify four types of corporations and how each is created. Objectives.

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Types of Fire Departments

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  1. Types of Fire Departments Chapter 3

  2. Objectives • Distinguish between fire departments. • Distinguish between public and private sector entities. • Identify four types of corporations and how each is created.

  3. Objectives • Identify the reason an association creates unnecessary risks for firefighters. • Distinguish between fire departments. • Explain the importance of agreements between volunteer fire companies and the jurisdictions they protect.

  4. Fire Department Services • Services a fire department may provide in order to be or remain a fire department: • Firefighting • Code enforcement • EMS • HazMat

  5. The Role of a Fire Department • Expanded role in society • Most firefighters take the legal authority to deliver their services for granted • Legal authority is based on type of entity providing fire protection service

  6. Distinctions • Legal entities that deliver fire protection services • Kinds of organizations that deliver protection services • Funding sources • Employment status of personnel

  7. Public Sector versus Private Sector • Public • Agencies of federal, state, or local government • Private • Privately owned businesses and organizations

  8. Corporation • Legally created entity accepted, approved, and recognized through a formal process • Can sue and be sued • Shareholders are not liable for debts • Each state has procedures to create corporations

  9. Four Types of Corporations • Municipal • Quasi-municipal • For-profit (business corporations) • Nonprofit

  10. Municipal Corporation • Created by state legislature • Provides inhabitants with self-government • Common examples are cities, towns, villages, boroughs, counties, etc. • Specific powers and authority will vary from municipality to municipality

  11. Quasi-Municipal Corporation • Also called quasi-public corporation • Created by state legislature to serve a specific need • No broad police powers grant of authority afforded to municipalities

  12. Business Corporation • Created by individuals • Registered and chartered by the Secretary of State of each state • Purpose is to make a profit • Managed by a board of directors

  13. Business Corporation • Operations governed by corporate officers • Stockholders are the owners • Liability of stockholders is limited to their investment • Board of directors is responsible to stockholders

  14. Nonprofit Corporation • Created by individuals • Registered and chartered by the Secretary of State of each state • May have members, but not stockholders • Managed by board of directors

  15. Nonprofit Corporation • Officers run operations • Net profits cannot be distributed to its members, directors, or officers • May be organized for any lawful purpose • Many nonprofits are created for charitable purposes

  16. Associations • Coming together for common purpose • Rights and liabilities vary from state to state • May be formal or informal • As joint enterprises members can be held liable for actions of other members

  17. Why Do Municipal Corporation Laws Matter? • Type of entity impacts a fire department’s • Authority • Responsibility • Liability • Laws the fire department must follow

  18. Types of Fire OrganizationsBased on Funding Source • Public sector • Municipal • County • Fire districts • Fire protection districts

  19. Types of Fire OrganizationsBased on Funding Source • Private sector • Volunteer • For-profit • Industrial • Fire brigades

  20. Municipal Fire Departments • Agency of a local municipal corporation (municipality) • Firefighters are municipal employees • Volunteer firefighters work for municipality • Fire chief reports to executive branch • Primarily supported by taxpayer funding

  21. County Fire Departments • An agency of county government • Receives taxpayer funding from the county • Firefighters employed by county • May have volunteer firefighters • Volunteer directly for the county • Fire chief reports to county executive

  22. Fire Districts • Either municipal corporations or quasi-municipal corporations • Created and authorized by state legislature • Given power to impose a fire tax • May operate their own fire department

  23. Fire Protection Districts • Similar to fire districts • Created by state legislature • Municipal or quasi-municipal corporation • Do not directly provide fire protection • Contractual agreements with neighboring fire department to provide fire protection

  24. Volunteer Fire Companies • Private nonprofit corporations or associations • Exist as an independent entity separate and apart from local government • May be designated as charitable organizations by the IRS

  25. Volunteer Fire Companies • Funding • Fundraising or donations • Quasi-public entity or private corporation • Status of the fire company is important • Some volunteer fire companies have contracts with community

  26. For-Profit Fire Department • Competitively bid on long-term governmental contracts • City, town, or county • Military base • Special installation (Cape Kennedy, Nevada Test Site)

  27. Industrial Fire Department • Owned and operated by owner of an industrial site • May lack adequate municipal fire protection

  28. Industrial Fire Department • Local FDs and volunteer fire companies are prepared for high-hazard occupancy • Business has full-time fire department to address its needs as a cost of doing business

  29. Fire Brigade • Emergency response teams set up at manufacturing or industrial facilities • Provide initial response at the facility • Are employees of the facility • Members have full-time job assignments

  30. Certification and Accreditation • Certification generally requires the administration of a test or other means of evaluation • Accreditation is the process by which a certifying body is evaluated by an independent third party and approved to issue certification

  31. Summary • What is a fire department? • Public sector versus private sector • Four types of corporations • Associations and joint enterprise liability • Types of fire departments

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