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Mental Spaces. In Greece, Kiki is happy. In 1970, we didn’t have e-mail. Sandy thinks Chris has green eyes. In the picture, Chris has green eyes. In the movie, Eliza Doolittle may end up marrying Henry Higgins. Mrs. Higgins hopes that Eliza Doolittle will end up
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Mental Spaces In Greece, Kiki is happy. In 1970, we didn’t have e-mail. Sandy thinks Chris has green eyes. In the picture, Chris has green eyes. In the movie, Eliza Doolittle may end up marrying Henry Higgins. Mrs. Higgins hopes that Eliza Doolittle will end up marrying Henry Higgins. Sue knows that Eliza Doolittle doesn’t end up marrying Henry Higgins (in the play).
Space builders Max thinks… Chris hopes… Actually… (in reality, in fact,…) In that story/movie/play/picture…. In 1950… When you finish the book… If it rains…
Space builders Negation. Too bad you were never christened. Your godmother could have taken care of you now. I don’t have a car, or I’d certainly offer you a ride. There’s no milk in the fridge. I am not a crook.
The Access Principle If two elements are linked by a connector F such that b = F(a), then element b can be identified by naming, describing, or pointing to its counterpart a. The ham sandwich wants another coke. In the picture, the girl with blue eyes has green eyes. Romeo is dating Lady Montague (i.e, the two actors playing these roles are dating).
Trans-spatial operators • BE, and other verbs like BECOME, REMAIN, etc. • These set up mappings between spaces. • Max is Romeo and Chris is Juliet. • Juliet is the Capulets’ only child. • The little girl in that photo is my grandmother. • The little girl in that photo is solemn. • The little girl in that photo is Madeline • Blackmore.
Trans-spatial operators, 2 Metaphoric BE: You’re my sunshine. Small is the new black. (Mini Cooper ad) If the Golden Gate is the thoroughbred of the Bay’s bridges, the Bay Bridge is the workhorse. Role-Value BE: Cindy is a 50-year-old woman. Cindy is a professor of linguistics. Cindy is a proud aunt. Cindy is my friend.
Elements in spaces The girl in the picture is my grandmother. THE X means “there’s already an established element in some accessible space which I can describe as X.” I want the book Joe is reading. I want a book to read. A(N) X means “you need to set up a new element in some space, which can be described as X.”
Roles and Values The President of the U.S. is George W. Bush. George W. Bush is the President of the U.S. The President has a cold today. George W. Bush has a cold today. The President is Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the United States. George W. Bush is Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the United States.
“Inheritance” I wish Chris had the money to come to the conference. In the Wish Space, things like Chris’ interest, the topic of the conference, the dates, etc, are INHERITED from the Base Space. Sara thinks Sandy will be the top player in the school baseball team. In the Think Space, things like Sandy’s fitness and interest in baseball are held constant; we don’t assume he’ll have a serious injury, e.g.
“Float” Sue is afraid that Sandy’s kids are worrying him. We may not know whether or not Sandy has kids, but the PRESUPPOSITION of their existence involved in the use of the phrase “Sandy’s kids” of course holds in the Be Afraid Space. And it MAY also hold in the Base Space; that is, we may assume that Sandy actually has kids. Maybe his kids are worrying him.
